IQ Test Results and ADD: Insights for Students - Psychiatry

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Accuracy of Intelligence Testing


Hello, Doctor.
I have been studying in the U.S.
since the second year of junior high school (I return to Taiwan during winter and summer breaks and communicate with my family in Chinese, and I continue to read Chinese novels).
However, compared to my peers, my Chinese language proficiency still has a gap; for example, I don’t remember many idioms and often have to think about how to write characters, sometimes writing in phonetics instead.
Last summer, when I returned to Taiwan, a teacher suggested that I might have symptoms of ADD, so I took the opportunity to see a doctor and undergo testing during the summer.
Among the tests was the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, which included questions about comprehension of norms and the meanings of idioms.
After reviewing the report, my Verbal IQ (VIQ) was 91, Performance IQ (PIQ) was 85, and Full Scale IQ (FIQ) was 87.
However, the report mentioned that my responses were vague and lacked focus.

What confuses me further are some mental math questions...
Since moving to the U.S., I have been allowed and accustomed to using a calculator in math classes and for daily needs, so my mental math skills have significantly declined.
When trying to recall numbers in reverse order, I often get distracted, especially with longer sequences.
I wonder if the results obtained from this testing are still accurate? Although the psychologist may have taken this into account, the report did not mention any related information.

In the end, I was diagnosed with ADD, but my math tutor, whom I have known since fifth grade, does not really believe I have ADD (especially since the results indicate that my intelligence seems to fall in the middle to lower range).
Throughout elementary school and junior high, I did not study at all; my homework was often incomplete, resulting in penalties, yet my exam scores consistently remained in the middle range—not too good, but not bad either.
I often scored full marks in math and was placed in advanced classes (in a private school).
It wasn’t until high school (in the U.S.) that I started to fall behind...
Currently, I am taking Adderall, and my grades have improved significantly; I scored the highest in several subjects last semester.

Should I bring these concerns up with a psychiatrist, or are they not that important? However, during the Christmas break and my recent visit to Taiwan, I felt that the doctor spoke to me in a somewhat condescending tone, as if addressing a child...
I wonder if this is related to my IQ, or perhaps I am overthinking it.

AmyW, 10~19 year old female. Ask Date: 2016/04/05

Dr. Liang Sunyuan reply Psychiatry


Hello Amy: During your follow-up appointment, you can discuss these questions with your physician.
Additionally, since most cases in the pediatric psychiatry clinic involve children, the doctor may speak in a tone that is more suited for conversing with kids.
This is likely just a habit and does not mean that they view you as a child.

Reply Date: 2016/04/05

More Info


Understanding the results of IQ tests and the implications of Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) can be quite complex, especially for students navigating educational systems in different languages and cultures. Your experience highlights several important aspects of cognitive assessment, language proficiency, and the impact of ADD on academic performance.

Firstly, it's essential to recognize that IQ tests, such as the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS), measure a range of cognitive abilities, including verbal comprehension (VIQ), perceptual reasoning (PIQ), and overall intelligence quotient (FIQ). Your scores of VIQ=91, PIQ=85, and FIQ=87 suggest that your cognitive abilities are within the average range, albeit on the lower end. However, it’s crucial to understand that these scores do not define your potential or future success. They are merely a snapshot of your cognitive abilities at a specific time and under specific conditions.

Your concerns about the accuracy of the test results, particularly regarding your mental arithmetic skills, are valid. The reliance on calculators in your math classes may have contributed to a decline in your mental calculation abilities, which could affect your performance on tests that require quick mental processing. Additionally, the context in which you took the test—being in a different language environment—might have influenced your performance, particularly in verbal tasks. Language proficiency plays a significant role in cognitive assessments, and it’s not uncommon for bilingual individuals to experience discrepancies in their cognitive performance based on the language of the test.

Regarding the diagnosis of ADD, it’s important to note that this condition can manifest in various ways, including difficulties with attention, organization, and sometimes even in processing information. Your report of being easily distracted during tasks, such as mental arithmetic, aligns with common symptoms of ADD. The fact that you have seen improvements in your academic performance while on medication (like Ritalin) suggests that the treatment is having a positive effect on your ability to focus and perform academically.

It’s also worth mentioning that the perception of your cognitive abilities by others, such as your math tutor, may not always align with clinical assessments. People can have varying opinions based on their experiences and expectations. Your consistent performance in exams during earlier schooling years indicates that you possess the capability to succeed academically, even if your cognitive assessment scores suggest otherwise.

As for discussing your concerns with your psychiatrist, it is always beneficial to communicate openly about any questions or feelings you have regarding your diagnosis, treatment, and the implications of your IQ test results. A good psychiatrist will appreciate your insights and concerns, and they can provide clarity on how these factors interact with your academic life and personal development. If you feel that the communication style of your psychiatrist is condescending, it’s important to address this directly. Effective communication is key to a successful therapeutic relationship.

In conclusion, while IQ test results provide valuable information about cognitive abilities, they should not be viewed as definitive measures of intelligence or potential. ADD can influence academic performance, but with appropriate support and treatment, many individuals with ADD can thrive in their educational pursuits. Your experiences, both positive and challenging, contribute to your unique learning journey. Embrace your strengths, seek support when needed, and continue to advocate for yourself in both academic and medical settings.

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