Testicular Torsion: Symptoms and Pain Characteristics - Urology

More Info

---

Testicular torsion is a medical emergency that occurs when the spermatic cord becomes twisted, cutting off the blood supply to the testicle. This condition is most common in adolescent males but can occur at any age. Understanding the symptoms and pain characteristics associated with testicular torsion is crucial for timely diagnosis and treatment.

1. Pain Characteristics: The pain associated with testicular torsion is typically sudden and severe. It is often described as a sharp, intense pain that can be continuous rather than intermittent. Patients may report that the pain starts suddenly, often without any prior discomfort. The pain usually originates in the scrotum and can radiate to the lower abdomen or groin. Unlike other types of testicular pain, which may be dull or throbbing, the pain from torsion is acute and can be debilitating.
2. Associated Symptoms: In addition to severe pain, testicular torsion can present with several other symptoms, including:
- Swelling: The affected testicle may become swollen and enlarged.

- Nausea and Vomiting: Many patients experience gastrointestinal symptoms, including nausea and vomiting, due to the severe pain.

- High-Riding Testicle: Upon examination, the affected testicle may appear higher in the scrotum than the unaffected one.

- Absence of Cremasteric Reflex: The cremasteric reflex, which causes the testicle to rise when the inner thigh is stroked, may be absent on the affected side.

- Color Changes: The skin over the affected testicle may appear red or dark due to compromised blood flow.

It is important to note that testicular torsion is a surgical emergency. If not treated promptly, it can lead to irreversible damage to the testicle, including necrosis (tissue death) due to lack of blood supply. The window for successful intervention is typically within 6 hours of the onset of symptoms.
If you or someone you know is experiencing sudden, severe testicular pain, it is crucial to seek immediate medical attention. A healthcare professional will perform a physical examination and may use imaging studies, such as an ultrasound, to confirm the diagnosis. Treatment usually involves surgical intervention to untwist the spermatic cord and secure the testicle to prevent recurrence.

In conclusion, testicular torsion is characterized by sudden, severe, and continuous pain, along with other symptoms such as swelling, nausea, and changes in the position of the testicle. Prompt recognition and treatment are essential to preserve testicular function and prevent complications. If you have any concerns or symptoms suggestive of testicular torsion, do not hesitate to seek emergency medical care.