Irregular Menstrual Cycles: Causes and When to Seek Help

Menstruation is persistent?

Hello, in the past, my menstrual flow was quite heavy and I would have blood clots, but my cycle was relatively regular.
However, since college, in addition to rapidly gaining weight, my menstrual cycle has changed to occurring twice a month.
One of these periods is similar to my previous flow, lasting about a week, while the other lasts about three days with a lighter flow, requiring only a regular sanitary pad every 12 hours (but a panty liner is too little).
I jokingly refer to them as "big and small periods." However, since the beginning of last month, my menstruation has not stopped, with variations in flow but still requiring more than just panty liners.
When I wipe after using the restroom, there are streaks of blood.
Additionally, I'm not sure if it's due to anemia or psychological factors, but I have been experiencing dizziness quite frequently.
Could you please advise what this situation might be? Should I see a gynecologist for this?

Sha, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2016/06/16

Dr. Cao Guotao reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

Hello, having two menstrual periods with one being heavier and the other lighter could be related to ovulation.
As for the current situation where the bleeding hasn't stopped, it may indicate menstrual irregularity.
I recommend consulting a gynecologist for an examination.
Wishing you good health.

Reply Date: 2016/06/16

More Info

Irregular menstrual cycles can be a source of concern for many women, and your experience reflects a common issue that can arise due to various factors. Let's break down the potential causes of your irregular menstrual cycles and when it might be necessary to seek medical help.

Understanding Irregular Menstrual Cycles
1. Hormonal Imbalances: One of the most common reasons for irregular periods is hormonal imbalances. Hormones such as estrogen and progesterone regulate the menstrual cycle, and any disruption can lead to changes in cycle length, flow, and frequency. Factors that can cause hormonal imbalances include stress, significant weight changes (both gain and loss), and conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

2. Weight Changes: You mentioned experiencing rapid weight gain since college. This can significantly impact your menstrual cycle. Increased body fat can lead to higher estrogen levels, which may cause heavier periods or more frequent cycles. Conversely, significant weight loss can also disrupt your cycle.

3. Stress and Lifestyle Factors: Stress can have a profound effect on your menstrual cycle. Psychological stress can lead to hormonal changes that may result in irregular periods. Additionally, lifestyle factors such as diet, exercise, and sleep patterns can also play a role.

4. Underlying Health Conditions: Conditions such as PCOS, thyroid disorders, and uterine fibroids can lead to irregular menstrual cycles. PCOS, in particular, is characterized by irregular periods, excess hair growth, and weight gain. Thyroid disorders can also cause changes in menstrual patterns, either leading to heavier or lighter periods.

5. Anemia and Other Nutritional Deficiencies: You mentioned experiencing dizziness, which could be a sign of anemia, especially if you are losing a significant amount of blood during your periods. Anemia can cause fatigue and dizziness, and it is essential to address any nutritional deficiencies that may be contributing to this condition.

When to Seek Help
Given the changes you've described in your menstrual cycle, particularly the increased frequency and the presence of blood clots, it is advisable to consult a healthcare provider, specifically a gynecologist. Here are some signs that indicate you should seek medical attention:
- Heavy Bleeding: If you are soaking through pads or tampons every hour for several consecutive hours, this is considered heavy menstrual bleeding (menorrhagia) and should be evaluated.

- Prolonged Bleeding: If your periods last longer than seven days or if you have frequent cycles (more than once a month), this warrants a medical evaluation.

- Severe Pain: If you experience significant pain during your periods that interferes with daily activities, this should be addressed.

- Signs of Anemia: Symptoms such as persistent fatigue, weakness, or dizziness should not be ignored, as they may indicate anemia or other underlying health issues.

- Changes in Cycle Patterns: Any sudden changes in your menstrual cycle, especially if they are accompanied by other symptoms, should be evaluated.

Conclusion
In summary, your irregular menstrual cycles and associated symptoms could be due to hormonal imbalances, weight changes, stress, or underlying health conditions. It is essential to consult a gynecologist who can perform a thorough evaluation, including a physical examination, blood tests, and possibly imaging studies, to determine the underlying cause of your symptoms. Early intervention can help manage your symptoms effectively and improve your overall health. Don't hesitate to seek help; your health is paramount.

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