Scoliosis: Will a 30-Degree Curve Worsen in Teens?

Scoliosis

Hello Director Shih, the patient is a 16-year-old male.
The X-ray shows that the growth plates have fused, and there is a 30-degree lumbar scoliosis.
I would like to know if this condition is likely to worsen, as I have read online that 30 degrees is a critical point for deterioration.
Thank you for your guidance.

Qiao Jiang, 10~19 year old female. Ask Date: 2016/10/31

Dr. Shi Guozheng reply Orthopedics

X-ray examinations can be performed every six months to determine if there has been any deterioration.
Typically, a curvature of 30 degrees in idiopathic scoliosis does not require surgery and may not necessarily worsen.

Reply Date: 2016/10/31

More Info

Scoliosis is a condition characterized by an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine. In adolescents, particularly during periods of rapid growth, scoliosis can progress, leading to increased curvature and potential complications. Your concern about a 30-degree curve in a 16-year-old is valid, especially since you mentioned that the growth plates have fused.

Generally, scoliosis can be classified into different categories based on the degree of curvature. A curve of 10 degrees or less is considered normal, while curves between 10 and 20 degrees are typically classified as mild. Curves of 20 to 40 degrees are moderate, and those exceeding 40 degrees are considered severe. A 30-degree curve falls into the moderate category, which can be concerning, especially in a growing adolescent.

The critical point you mentioned regarding the 30-degree threshold is often discussed in the context of scoliosis progression. Research indicates that curves of 30 degrees or more have a higher likelihood of worsening, particularly in patients who are still growing. However, since you noted that the growth plates have fused, this suggests that the adolescent has likely completed most of their growth spurts. In such cases, the risk of significant progression diminishes.

It is essential to monitor the condition regularly, as some individuals may experience changes in curvature even after growth has ceased. Factors that can influence the progression of scoliosis include the type of scoliosis (idiopathic, congenital, or neuromuscular), the location of the curve, and the overall health of the individual.
In terms of management, if the curve is stable and the patient is asymptomatic, regular follow-ups with an orthopedic specialist may be sufficient. However, if there are concerns about progression or if the patient experiences pain or functional limitations, further intervention may be warranted. Treatment options can range from physical therapy to bracing, and in more severe cases, surgical intervention may be considered.

In conclusion, while a 30-degree curve in a 16-year-old with fused growth plates is concerning, the likelihood of significant worsening is reduced. Regular monitoring and consultation with a healthcare professional specializing in spinal disorders are crucial for managing the condition effectively. Early intervention can help mitigate potential complications and improve the quality of life for individuals with scoliosis.

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