Knee Pain: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options

Knee pain and tightness?

Hello, doctor.
I've been experiencing knee issues for almost five years, and it seems to have worsened recently.
Initially, I had occasional pain on the inner side of my knee, which was tender to the touch.
This persisted for about five years, but recently, the pain on the inner side has intensified and become more frequent, occurring whether I'm sitting, lying down, or standing.
I've also started to feel pain in the front of my knee, accompanied by a tight sensation, making my leg very uncomfortable.
A few days ago, when I stood up from bed, my leg suddenly gave out, and I ended up sitting on the floor for about 30 seconds before I could stand again.
Now, I occasionally feel weakness in my leg, along with sharp pain and tightness in my knee.
Thank you, doctor, for taking the time to respond.

Gan'en you ni, 10~19 year old female. Ask Date: 2016/12/27

Dr. Shi Guozheng reply Orthopedics

The inner side of the knee joint contains ligaments and the joint capsule, as well as tendon attachments.
Inflammation of any of these structures can lead to pain.
Typically, overuse or improper posture can cause localized tissue damage, resulting in inflammation.
It is important for you to consult a physician to confirm the diagnosis before proceeding with treatment.

Reply Date: 2016/12/27

More Info

Knee pain is a common issue that can arise from various causes, and understanding the underlying factors is crucial for effective treatment. Based on the symptoms you've described, it seems that your knee pain has been persistent for nearly five years, with recent exacerbation of symptoms including pain on the inner side of the knee, tightness, and episodes of weakness or instability.

Causes of Knee Pain
1. Osteoarthritis: This is one of the most common causes of knee pain, especially in individuals over 50. It involves the degeneration of cartilage, leading to pain, stiffness, and swelling. The inner side of the knee is often affected due to uneven weight distribution.

2. Meniscus Tear: The meniscus is a cartilage that acts as a cushion between your thigh bone and shin bone. A tear can occur due to injury or degeneration over time, leading to pain, swelling, and a sensation of the knee locking or giving way.

3. Patellar Tendonitis: This condition, often referred to as "jumper's knee," involves inflammation of the tendon connecting the kneecap to the shinbone. It can cause pain in the front of the knee and may lead to a feeling of tightness.

4. Bursitis: Inflammation of the bursae (small fluid-filled sacs that cushion the knee joint) can cause localized pain and swelling, especially when pressure is applied.

5. Ligament Injuries: Injuries to the ligaments, such as the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) or medial collateral ligament (MCL), can lead to instability and pain, particularly during movements that require sudden changes in direction.

Symptoms to Monitor
- Pain Location: The specific area of pain (inner side, front, or back of the knee) can help pinpoint the cause.

- Swelling: Any visible swelling can indicate inflammation or fluid accumulation.

- Instability: Feeling like the knee might give way or feeling weak can suggest ligament issues or severe cartilage damage.

- Range of Motion: Difficulty bending or straightening the knee fully can indicate structural problems.

Treatment Options
1. Rest and Activity Modification: Avoid activities that exacerbate the pain, such as running or jumping. Incorporate low-impact exercises like swimming or cycling.

2. Physical Therapy: A physical therapist can design a rehabilitation program to strengthen the muscles around the knee, improve flexibility, and enhance stability.

3. Medications: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can help reduce pain and inflammation. In some cases, corticosteroid injections may be recommended for more severe inflammation.

4. Bracing: A knee brace can provide support and stability, particularly if you experience episodes of weakness.

5. Weight Management: Maintaining a healthy weight can reduce stress on the knee joints, potentially alleviating pain.

6. Surgical Options: If conservative treatments fail, surgical interventions such as arthroscopy, meniscus repair, or knee replacement may be considered, depending on the severity of the damage.

7. Alternative Therapies: Some patients find relief through acupuncture, massage, or chiropractic care, although these should be approached as complementary to traditional treatments.

When to Seek Medical Attention
Given the duration and severity of your symptoms, it is advisable to consult an orthopedic specialist. They may recommend imaging studies, such as X-rays or MRI, to assess the condition of your knee joint and determine the most appropriate treatment plan. Early intervention can often prevent further deterioration and improve your quality of life.

In conclusion, knee pain can stem from various causes, and understanding these can guide effective treatment. It is essential to monitor your symptoms closely and seek professional advice to develop a tailored approach to managing your knee pain.

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