Late Period Concerns: Pregnancy, Abortion, and What to Expect

Delayed menstruation may indicate pregnancy or abortion?

Hello, Doctor.
My last menstrual period started on November 28, and my average cycle is 29 days.
I had unprotected intercourse with my boyfriend on December 18, using the withdrawal method.
Since the 18th until today, I have been busy and often staying up late, feeling fatigued from work, but I have not experienced any other unusual symptoms.
My menstrual cycle has always been regular, so I suspect I might be pregnant.
My period is expected to arrive in the next few days, and it is currently two days late.
Yesterday morning, 10 days after intercourse, I used a commercially available pregnancy test (which claims to be 99% accurate and can be used on the day of a missed period) with the first morning urine, and it showed negative for pregnancy.
However, my period still hasn't arrived.

I would like to ask, how many days after intercourse does conception typically occur? Currently, there is little vaginal discharge on my underwear, and I feel relatively dry with no odor, nor do I have the sensation that my period is about to start.
My breasts have not changed significantly, and I have not experienced any changes in food preferences or cravings.
What is the likelihood of being pregnant? Would it be more accurate to take another test 18 days after intercourse? If I am pregnant, I am currently unable to support a child and do not want my family to know.
Would it be better to consider a medical abortion within the first seven weeks? After a medical abortion, is the amount of bleeding similar to that of a regular menstrual period? Will the medication affect my normal daily activities? As the Lunar New Year approaches, do most obstetric and gynecological clinics close during the holiday? Thank you, Doctor, for reading my message, and I wish you good health.

Xiao Qi, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2016/12/29

Dr. Cao Guotao reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

Hello, a pregnancy test should be taken at least 12 days after conception for accurate results.
The chances of pregnancy are low, so it is best to use contraceptive measures beforehand.
If your period is more than a week late, it is advisable to consult a gynecologist.
Wishing you good health.

Reply Date: 2016/12/29

More Info

When dealing with concerns about a late period, potential pregnancy, and the options available for abortion, it's essential to approach the situation with care and understanding. Based on your description, you last had your period on November 28, and you had unprotected intercourse on December 18. Given that your menstrual cycle is typically around 29 days, you would expect your period to arrive around December 27. As of now, you are two days late, which can understandably cause anxiety, especially if your cycles are usually regular.

Understanding Pregnancy Testing
Pregnancy typically occurs when sperm fertilizes an egg, which can happen within hours to a few days after intercourse, depending on ovulation timing. The fertilized egg then takes about 6-10 days to implant in the uterus, after which the body begins to produce the hormone hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin). Home pregnancy tests are designed to detect this hormone in urine. Most tests claim to be accurate as early as the first day of a missed period, but testing too early can lead to false negatives.

Since you tested negative yesterday using a home pregnancy test, it is possible that you are not pregnant, especially if you tested 10 days after intercourse. However, if your period does not arrive soon, it would be wise to retest in a few days or consult a healthcare provider for a blood test, which can detect pregnancy earlier and more accurately than home tests.

Possible Reasons for a Delayed Period
There are several reasons for a delayed period aside from pregnancy, including:
1. Stress: High levels of stress can affect your menstrual cycle.

2. Changes in Routine: Changes in sleep patterns or increased workload can also impact your cycle.

3. Hormonal Imbalances: Conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) can lead to irregular periods.

4. Weight Changes: Significant weight loss or gain can affect your menstrual cycle.

Considering Abortion
If you find out you are pregnant and feel unable to continue the pregnancy, it is important to know your options. Medical abortion (using medication to terminate a pregnancy) is generally safe and effective up to 10 weeks into the pregnancy. The process typically involves taking two different medications: mifepristone and misoprostol.
Regarding your questions about the experience of a medical abortion:
- Bleeding: The bleeding after a medical abortion can vary but is often heavier than a typical period and may last longer. It can include clots and may be accompanied by cramping.

- Impact on Daily Life: Many people can continue their normal activities, but some may experience fatigue or discomfort. It’s advisable to plan for some rest and avoid strenuous activities for a few days.

- Timing: If you are considering this option, it is crucial to consult with a healthcare provider to ensure it is done safely and effectively.

Availability of Services
Regarding the availability of gynecological services during the holiday season, many clinics may have reduced hours or be closed for the holidays. It is advisable to call ahead and check the hours of operation for any clinics you may want to visit.

Conclusion
In summary, while the possibility of pregnancy exists, especially given the timing of your unprotected intercourse, the negative test result suggests that you may not be pregnant. However, if your period does not arrive soon, retesting or consulting a healthcare provider is recommended. If you are pregnant and considering termination, seek medical advice to discuss your options and ensure your health and safety. Remember, it’s important to prioritize your well-being and seek support from trusted friends or professionals during this time.

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