Your Symptoms: Anxiety, OCD, or Tourette Syndrome? - Psychiatry

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What disease is it?


Hello, doctor.
I would like to ask you about a situation.
I was previously diagnosed with anxiety disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder, but there is something I didn't mention to my treating physician.
When I was younger, I sometimes made throat-clearing sounds and engaged in head-shaking movements, which varied in intensity.
I looked it up and it seems somewhat similar to Tourette syndrome, but my movements are not involuntary tics.
As I mentioned, I "want" to do those movements; I feel a bit nervous or anxious before I do them, sensing something is off.
For example, when I lie in bed completely relaxed, I don't move.
I can actually refrain from moving; as long as I notice it and relax, I can stop.
Moreover, in recent years, these movements have occurred infrequently, and I feel almost recovered.

However, recently, I've been experiencing a frustrating situation.
As a music student, I start to feel anxious when I play the piano, and I feel the urge to shake my hands or make noise with the instrument.
Sometimes, I also feel the need to vocalize and constantly adjust my hand positions.
I believe the core issue is that I feel my hand's tactile feedback is incorrect, which makes me anxious and unable to relax.
When I perform those movements, I temporarily feel less anxious, but I think the more I do them, the more anxious I become overall.
This urge is quite strong; although I can control myself not to do it, I still feel tense and anxious when I refrain, and sometimes I unconsciously continue those movements.
This significantly disrupts my practice, and after a few hours, I feel very fatigued, as if something is stuck in my throat and I can't relax.
My whole body feels tense, but when I put the piano down and stop playing, my hands no longer shake or twitch, and my anxiety and tension gradually ease.

So, I would like to ask: is this anxiety disorder, Tourette syndrome, or obsessive-compulsive disorder? Everything feels very confusing, and I hope you can help clarify this for me.

qing wen yi xia, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2017/02/10

Dr. Liang Sunyuan reply Psychiatry


Hello: The symptoms you described could indeed be indicative of Tourette syndrome, which has a significant comorbidity rate with obsessive-compulsive disorder.
It is advisable to discuss this with your physician during your follow-up appointment to evaluate in person whether there may also be an issue with Tourette syndrome and whether medication for treating Tourette syndrome is necessary.
Best wishes to you.

Reply Date: 2017/02/10

More Info


Based on the symptoms you've described, it seems that you are experiencing a complex interplay of anxiety, possible obsessive-compulsive behaviors, and perhaps some features that could be reminiscent of Tourette syndrome. Let’s break down your symptoms and explore what they might indicate.

1. Anxiety Symptoms: You mentioned feelings of tension and anxiety, especially when you are about to play music. This is a common experience for individuals with anxiety disorders. The physical manifestations of anxiety, such as the urge to make certain movements or sounds, can often be a response to the heightened state of arousal that anxiety induces. When you feel anxious, your body may react with muscle tension, and you might feel compelled to perform certain actions to relieve that tension temporarily.

2. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD): Your description of feeling the need to adjust your hand positions and the anxiety that arises from the sensation of "something being off" aligns with OCD. Individuals with OCD often experience intrusive thoughts that lead to compulsive behaviors aimed at reducing anxiety. The fact that you can control these movements to some extent but feel compelled to perform them when anxious suggests a possible overlap with OCD.

3. Tourette Syndrome: Tourette syndrome is characterized by involuntary tics, which can be motor (like head shaking) or vocal (like throat clearing). However, Tourette's tics are typically involuntary and not preceded by a conscious urge. In your case, since you mentioned that you are aware of the movements and can suppress them when relaxed, it may not fit the classic definition of Tourette syndrome. However, some individuals with anxiety disorders can exhibit tic-like behaviors, especially when under stress.

4. Muscle Tension and Fatigue: The fatigue and tightness you experience after practicing music could be a result of prolonged muscle tension due to anxiety. When you are anxious, your body remains in a state of heightened alertness, which can lead to physical exhaustion over time.


Recommendations:
- Consult a Mental Health Professional: It is crucial to discuss these symptoms with a mental health professional who can provide a comprehensive evaluation. They can help differentiate between anxiety, OCD, and any tic disorders, and develop a tailored treatment plan.

- Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): This form of therapy is effective for both anxiety and OCD. It can help you identify and challenge anxious thoughts and develop healthier coping mechanisms.

- Mindfulness and Relaxation Techniques: Practices such as mindfulness meditation, deep breathing exercises, and progressive muscle relaxation can help reduce anxiety and improve your ability to manage physical symptoms.

- Medication: If your symptoms are significantly impacting your daily life, medication may be an option. SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) are commonly prescribed for both anxiety and OCD.

- Support Groups: Connecting with others who experience similar challenges can provide emotional support and practical strategies for managing symptoms.

In summary, while your symptoms may not fit neatly into one category, they suggest a combination of anxiety and possible obsessive-compulsive behaviors. Seeking professional help will be essential in understanding your condition better and finding effective ways to manage it. Remember, you are not alone in this, and with the right support, improvement is possible.

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