Persistent Mouth Ulcers: Causes, Treatments, and Prevention Tips

Mouth sores that won't heal?

On the evening of March 10, the day I had my wisdom teeth extracted, I accidentally bit my lip while eating.
A day or two later, a yellow-white spot appeared on my lip.
After researching online, I found that it might be an oral ulcer.
Initially, it was a small spot, but it gradually grew larger.
During my follow-up appointment on the 17th, I asked the doctor to apply some medication.
It seems that the ulcer has not continued to grow, but so far, there are no signs of it shrinking or healing.
Perhaps my immune system has weakened after the wisdom tooth extraction, causing it to heal slowly.
What can I do to promote faster healing?
Additionally, I frequently experience oral ulcers.
Whenever I accidentally bite my lip or tongue, there is a high probability that it will turn into an ulcer.
Sometimes, I even get them under my tongue or on the inside of my gums for unknown reasons.
Generally, healing takes one to two weeks, and sometimes a small bump forms.
Based on information I found online, I have tried eating kiwi or drinking grape juice, which seems to help with faster recovery.
However, after healing, the ulcers tend to recur after a while.
Is there any way to prevent this situation? Thank you.

Mr. Guo, 30~39 year old female. Ask Date: 2017/03/23

Dr. Huang Tingfang reply Dentistry

Dear Mr.
Kuo,
Hello! If your mouth ulcer has not improved, it is important to note that ulcers typically heal within two weeks.
If there is no improvement, a biopsy may be necessary.
Given your habits of betel nut chewing and smoking, please be cautious of oral cancer.
For your oral ulcers, maintain good hygiene by brushing your teeth thoroughly and using mouthwash, which can help speed up recovery.
Wishing you all the best! Please communicate frequently with your physician.
Thank you! Wishing you safety!
Sincerely,
Dr.
Huang Ting-Fang, Dentistry

Reply Date: 2017/03/23

More Info

Persistent mouth ulcers can be a frustrating and painful condition, often leading to discomfort during eating, speaking, and even swallowing. Understanding the causes, treatments, and prevention strategies can help manage this issue effectively.

Causes of Mouth Ulcers
Mouth ulcers, also known as aphthous ulcers, can arise from various factors. Some common causes include:
1. Trauma: As you experienced after biting your lip, physical injury to the oral mucosa can trigger ulcer formation. This is particularly common after dental procedures like tooth extractions.

2. Stress: Emotional stress and anxiety can weaken the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to mouth ulcers.

3. Nutritional Deficiencies: Deficiencies in vitamins such as B12, folate, and iron can contribute to the development of mouth ulcers.

4. Hormonal Changes: Some individuals may notice a correlation between hormonal fluctuations (such as those occurring during menstrual cycles) and the occurrence of ulcers.

5. Underlying Health Conditions: Conditions like celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease, and autoimmune disorders can manifest with recurrent mouth ulcers.

6. Food Sensitivities: Certain foods, particularly acidic fruits (like citrus), spicy foods, and nuts, can irritate the oral mucosa and lead to ulcer formation.

Treatments for Mouth Ulcers
While most mouth ulcers heal on their own within one to two weeks, there are several treatment options to alleviate pain and promote healing:
1. Topical Treatments: Over-the-counter topical anesthetics like benzocaine can provide temporary relief from pain. Additionally, corticosteroid ointments can reduce inflammation and speed up healing.

2. Mouth Rinses: Antiseptic mouthwashes or saltwater rinses can help keep the area clean and reduce the risk of infection. A rinse containing dexamethasone may also be prescribed by a healthcare provider to reduce inflammation.

3. Pain Relief: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen can help manage pain associated with mouth ulcers.

4. Nutritional Supplements: If deficiencies are suspected, taking vitamin B12, folate, or iron supplements may help prevent future occurrences.

5. Avoiding Irritants: Identifying and avoiding foods that trigger your ulcers can be beneficial. Keeping a food diary may help pinpoint specific triggers.

Prevention Tips
To reduce the frequency of mouth ulcers, consider the following strategies:
1. Maintain Oral Hygiene: Regular brushing and flossing can help prevent infections that may lead to ulcers. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush to avoid irritating the gums and oral mucosa.

2. Manage Stress: Incorporating stress-reduction techniques such as mindfulness, yoga, or regular exercise can improve overall health and reduce the likelihood of ulcers.

3. Stay Hydrated: Drinking plenty of water can help maintain oral health and prevent dryness, which may contribute to ulcer formation.

4. Balanced Diet: Ensure your diet is rich in vitamins and minerals. Incorporate fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins to support your immune system.

5. Regular Check-ups: If you frequently experience mouth ulcers, consider consulting a healthcare provider or dentist. They can help identify any underlying conditions that may be contributing to the problem.

Conclusion
In summary, persistent mouth ulcers can be caused by a variety of factors, including trauma, stress, nutritional deficiencies, and underlying health conditions. While they often heal on their own, various treatments can help alleviate pain and promote healing. By adopting preventive measures and maintaining good oral hygiene, you can reduce the frequency and severity of these painful lesions. If your symptoms persist or worsen, it is advisable to seek professional medical advice for further evaluation and treatment options.

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