Abdominal Distension: Causes and Concerns - Gastroenterology and Hepatology

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Abdominal distension can be a concerning symptom, especially when accompanied by changes in menstrual cycles. In your case, the absence of menstruation for three months, along with persistent abdominal distension, raises several potential considerations that should be explored further.

Firstly, it’s important to understand that abdominal distension can be caused by a variety of factors. Common causes include gastrointestinal issues such as gas buildup, bloating due to dietary choices, constipation, or even food intolerances. Since you mentioned that your bowel movements are normal, gastrointestinal causes may be less likely, but they should still be considered, especially if there are any changes in your diet or lifestyle.

Another significant factor to consider is hormonal changes. The menstrual cycle is regulated by hormones, and the absence of menstruation (amenorrhea) can indicate hormonal imbalances. Conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) can lead to irregular periods and may also cause abdominal distension due to ovarian cysts or hormonal fluctuations. Other hormonal disorders, such as thyroid dysfunction, can also impact menstrual cycles and cause abdominal symptoms.

Additionally, pregnancy should always be ruled out in cases of missed periods, even if you believe it is not a possibility. Home pregnancy tests are widely available and can provide quick answers. If pregnancy is ruled out, other gynecological issues may need to be considered. Conditions such as ovarian cysts, fibroids, or endometriosis can lead to abdominal distension and changes in menstrual patterns. These conditions can sometimes cause discomfort or a feeling of fullness in the abdomen.

Given your symptoms, it would be prudent to consult with a healthcare provider who can perform a thorough evaluation. This may include a physical examination, blood tests to check hormone levels, and possibly imaging studies such as an ultrasound to assess the reproductive organs and rule out any structural abnormalities.

In summary, while abdominal distension can be linked to various gastrointestinal issues, in the context of missed periods, it is essential to consider hormonal and gynecological factors. A comprehensive evaluation by a healthcare professional is crucial to determine the underlying cause of your symptoms and to develop an appropriate treatment plan. It is important to address these concerns promptly, as early diagnosis and management can lead to better outcomes.