Emergency Contraception: Risks and Symptoms Explained

After taking the emergency contraceptive?

Hello, doctor.
I started taking oral contraceptive pills for the first time on the fifth day after my last menstrual period ended (March 31).
However, on the sixth day (April 5), I had intercourse with my boyfriend, and he ejaculated inside me.
Because I was worried, I took emergency contraception the next morning (April 6).
I continued taking the oral contraceptive pills that day, and then I had intercourse again the following day (April 7).
After researching, I found that taking both types of pills together can be harmful, so I stopped taking the oral contraceptive pills.
Is there a possibility of pregnancy in this situation? I've been experiencing abdominal pain, lower back pain, and increased discharge, but my period still hasn't arrived.
Are these signs of pregnancy or premenstrual symptoms? Thank you.

Mi, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2017/04/12

Dr. Cao Guotao reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

Hello, you can start taking birth control pills from the fifth day of your menstrual period.
It doesn't have to be taken at the exact same time; taking it around the same time is sufficient.
As long as you take it regularly, it will be effective in preventing pregnancy, and the chances of getting pregnant are low.
If your period is more than a week late, it is advisable to see a gynecologist.
Wishing you good health!

Reply Date: 2017/04/12

More Info

Emergency contraception (EC) is a crucial topic for individuals who are sexually active and want to prevent unintended pregnancies. Understanding how it works, its risks, and the symptoms that may arise after its use is essential for informed decision-making.

In your situation, you took a combination of both preemptive (regular) birth control pills and emergency contraception (EC) after unprotected intercourse. The primary function of emergency contraception is to prevent ovulation or fertilization of an egg if taken shortly after unprotected sex. The effectiveness of EC is highest when taken as soon as possible, ideally within 72 hours, but some types can be effective up to five days after intercourse.

Regarding your concern about the possibility of pregnancy after taking both types of contraception, it is important to note that while using both methods can be effective in preventing pregnancy, it is not typically recommended to use them simultaneously without medical guidance. The combination may lead to increased side effects, such as nausea, abdominal pain, and changes in menstrual patterns, which you are currently experiencing.

The symptoms you described—abdominal pain, lower back pain, and increased vaginal discharge—can be attributed to several factors. They may be side effects of the hormonal fluctuations caused by the emergency contraceptive pill or could indicate premenstrual symptoms (PMS) if your period is approaching. It is also worth noting that stress and anxiety about the possibility of pregnancy can exacerbate these symptoms.

If your period does not arrive within a week of when you expect it, it would be prudent to take a home pregnancy test for confirmation. Pregnancy tests are most reliable when taken after a missed period, as they measure the hormone hCG, which is produced after a fertilized egg implants in the uterus.

In terms of risks associated with emergency contraception, while it is generally safe for most individuals, some may experience side effects such as nausea, fatigue, headache, dizziness, breast tenderness, and changes in menstrual bleeding. If you experience severe abdominal pain, heavy bleeding, or any other concerning symptoms, it is crucial to seek medical attention promptly, as these could indicate complications such as an ectopic pregnancy or other issues.

In summary, while the use of emergency contraception can significantly reduce the risk of unintended pregnancy, it is essential to be aware of the potential side effects and to monitor your body’s responses. If you have ongoing concerns or if your symptoms worsen, consulting with a healthcare provider is advisable. They can provide personalized advice and support based on your specific situation, ensuring you receive the best care possible.

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