Testicular Swelling and Semen Issues: Causes and Concerns - Urology

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Testicular swelling and associated semen issues can be concerning and may indicate underlying medical conditions that require prompt attention. Based on your description, it appears that you are experiencing significant pain and swelling in your right testicle, along with the presence of blood in your semen. These symptoms warrant a thorough evaluation by a healthcare professional.


Possible Causes of Testicular Swelling and Pain
1. Epididymitis: This is an inflammation of the epididymis, the tube that carries sperm from the testicle. It can be caused by infections, including sexually transmitted infections (STIs) such as chlamydia or gonorrhea. Symptoms often include swelling, pain, and sometimes fever.

2. Orchitis: This is an inflammation of one or both testicles, which can occur due to viral infections (like mumps) or bacterial infections. Symptoms include swelling, pain, and sometimes systemic symptoms like fever.

3. Testicular Torsion: This is a medical emergency where the spermatic cord becomes twisted, cutting off blood supply to the testicle. Symptoms include sudden, severe pain and swelling. This condition requires immediate surgical intervention to prevent loss of the testicle.

4. Hernia: An inguinal hernia can cause swelling in the scrotum if abdominal contents protrude into the inguinal canal. This may cause discomfort and swelling.

5. Trauma: Any injury to the testicles can lead to swelling and pain. If you have experienced trauma, this could be a contributing factor.

6. Varicocele or Hydrocele: A varicocele is an enlargement of the veins within the scrotum, while a hydrocele is a fluid-filled sac surrounding a testicle. Both can cause swelling but are generally not associated with severe pain.


Blood in Semen (Hematospermia)
The presence of blood in your semen can be alarming. Hematospermia can result from various causes, including:
- Infection or Inflammation: Infections of the prostate (prostatitis) or seminal vesicles can lead to blood in the semen.

- Trauma: Injury to the reproductive organs can cause bleeding.

- Vascular Issues: Conditions affecting blood vessels can lead to bleeding.

- Tumors: Although less common, tumors in the reproductive tract can cause hematospermia.


Recommendations
Given the severity of your symptoms, including the pain that prevents you from walking and the presence of blood in your semen, it is crucial to seek medical attention as soon as possible. A healthcare provider will likely perform a physical examination and may order tests such as:
- Ultrasound: This imaging test can help visualize the testicles and surrounding structures to identify any abnormalities.

- Urinalysis: To check for signs of infection or blood.

- Blood Tests: To assess for infection or other underlying conditions.


Conclusion
While it is understandable to have concerns about sexual function and the implications of these symptoms, it is essential to prioritize your health and seek medical evaluation. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent complications and address any underlying issues effectively. Please do not delay in consulting a healthcare professional to discuss your symptoms and receive appropriate care.