Could Your Thirst and Weight Loss Indicate Diabetes?

Q: Could Your Thirst and Weight Loss Indicate Diabetes?

Dear Miss Su：<br>1. <br>According to the diagnostic criteria for diabetes set by the American Diabetes Association： a. <br>Fasting plasma glucose level ≥126 mg/dl after fasting for more than 8 hours, b. <br>Plasma glucose level ≥200 mg/dl during a 2-hour oral glucose tolerance te

What is the likelihood of developing diabetes?

Hello Doctor: I have been drinking a lot of beverages in the past few months because I still feel thirsty even after drinking water.
I researched ways to quench my thirst and unexpectedly came across the symptoms of diabetes, which seem to resemble my current situation: despite frequently consuming drinks, I have lost two kilograms; I don't drink much water, yet my frequency of urination is higher and longer than usual; I wake up in the middle of the night just to use the bathroom (I usually drink very little water); additionally, I feel very thirsty after drinking beverages, and even drinking water does not relieve my thirst.
I initially thought that since I've only been drinking more beverages for a few months (at most three to four months), it shouldn't be a big deal.
However, after reading about the symptoms of diabetes, I am not so sure if these could be early signs of diabetes.
Due to certain factors, I am currently unable to go to the hospital for a check-up.
Furthermore, my father has diabetes (which is a complication from cellulitis surgery), and my mother mentioned that I might have a family history of diabetes.
Therefore, I would like to ask the doctor if I might have diabetes.
Thank you.

Miss Su, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2017/05/09

Dr. Xiao Yongxun reply Internal Medicine

Dear Miss Su:
1.
According to the diagnostic criteria for diabetes set by the American Diabetes Association: a.
Fasting plasma glucose level ≥126 mg/dl after fasting for more than 8 hours, b.
Plasma glucose level ≥200 mg/dl during a 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test, c.
HbA1c ≥6.5% (this must be confirmed with a method that is certified by the National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program (NGSP) and meets the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) standards).
Any of the above a, b, or c must be confirmed on two separate occasions.
d.
If there are clinical symptoms of diabetes (such as polydipsia, polyuria, polyphagia, weight loss, etc.), a single plasma glucose level ≥200 mg/dl is sufficient for diagnosis.
2.
Your symptoms may or may not indicate diabetes; a clinical diagnosis and testing are necessary to confirm based on the above criteria.
On another note, your father has diabetes; theoretically, cellulitis may cause an increase in blood glucose levels, but it does not directly lead to diabetes.
Current research indicates that the main risk factors for developing type 2 diabetes include obesity, a family history of diabetes, physical inactivity, a history of cardiovascular disease, gestational diabetes, having given birth to a baby weighing over 4 kg, polycystic ovary syndrome, acanthosis nigricans, dyslipidemia, and hypertension.
3.
Type 2 diabetes does not occur suddenly; it develops gradually due to factors such as obesity, poor dietary habits, lack of exercise, and unhealthy lifestyle choices.
Essentially, anyone with a family history of diabetes should be advised to control their diet and exercise early on to manage their weight; this can help avoid the nightmare of diabetes.
4.
Personally, I recommend that you: chew your food thoroughly during meals, avoid overeating (aim for about 80% fullness), and limit high-calorie, high-fat, and high-sugar foods or beverages.
Reduce intake of high-cholesterol and trans fats (often found in creamers, butter, ghee, instant coffee, milk tea, etc.) and high fructose corn syrup (commonly found in commercially available drinks, desserts, sodas, pastries, etc.).
These types of foods may be harder for the body to metabolize, may contain empty calories that do not provide satiety, and can lead to increased blood glucose levels.
Additionally, establish a regular exercise routine, such as playing sports, jogging, swimming, or cycling; in fact, taking a good walk for 30 to 60 minutes after each meal can be very effective.
In terms of lifestyle, avoid excessive stress and ensure adequate sleep; this will help reduce the secretion of related hyperglycemic hormones and increase the secretion of leptin, aiding in weight control.
5.
Regarding your concerns about diabetes, it is advisable to promptly consult your family physician or an endocrinologist; do not delay for other reasons.

Reply Date: 2017/05/09

More Info

It sounds like you are experiencing some concerning symptoms that could potentially indicate the onset of diabetes. The symptoms you mentioned—excessive thirst, weight loss, increased urination, and persistent thirst even after drinking—are indeed classic signs of diabetes, particularly type 2 diabetes. Let's break down these symptoms and their implications.

1. Excessive Thirst and Frequent Urination: These symptoms are often referred to as "polydipsia" and "polyuria," respectively. When blood sugar levels are elevated, the kidneys work to filter out the excess glucose. This process leads to increased urination, which can cause dehydration and subsequently trigger excessive thirst. If you find yourself drinking a lot but still feeling thirsty, it could be a sign that your body is not effectively utilizing the glucose in your bloodstream.

2. Weight Loss: Unintentional weight loss can occur in diabetes due to the body’s inability to use glucose for energy. Instead, it may start breaking down fat and muscle for fuel, leading to weight loss. This is particularly common in type 1 diabetes but can also occur in type 2, especially if the diabetes is poorly managed.

3. Family History: Having a family history of diabetes, as you mentioned with your father, increases your risk of developing the condition. Genetics play a significant role in the likelihood of developing type 2 diabetes, and being aware of this risk factor is crucial.

4. Dietary Habits: You noted that you have been consuming a lot of sugary drinks. High sugar intake can lead to spikes in blood glucose levels, which may contribute to the symptoms you are experiencing. It’s important to monitor your diet and consider reducing your intake of sugary beverages and foods.

5. Next Steps: While it’s understandable that you may not be able to visit a doctor immediately, it is crucial to get a proper evaluation as soon as possible. A healthcare provider can perform blood tests to check your fasting blood glucose levels and HbA1c, which will help determine if you have diabetes or are at risk of developing it. According to the American Diabetes Association, a fasting blood glucose level of 100-125 mg/dL indicates prediabetes, while levels of 126 mg/dL or higher on two separate tests confirm a diabetes diagnosis.

6. Self-Monitoring: In the meantime, you can monitor your symptoms and keep track of your dietary habits. If you notice any worsening of your symptoms, such as increased thirst, urination, or further weight loss, it is imperative to seek medical attention promptly.

7. Lifestyle Changes: Regardless of whether you have diabetes, adopting a healthier lifestyle can help mitigate your risk. This includes maintaining a balanced diet low in refined sugars and high in fiber, engaging in regular physical activity, and managing stress levels. These changes can significantly impact your overall health and help prevent the onset of diabetes.

In conclusion, while your symptoms could indicate the possibility of diabetes, only a medical professional can provide a definitive diagnosis. It is essential to seek medical advice and get the necessary tests done to understand your health better. In the meantime, focus on maintaining a healthy lifestyle, which will benefit you regardless of your current health status.

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