Digestive Issues: Causes of Bloating and Abnormal Stool

Bowel movement issues

I have been experiencing bloating for a year and a half since starting college.
Around August of this year (I can't remember if it was early or mid-August), I had a couple of days of diarrhea (but it wasn't completely watery).
After that, my bowel movements returned to normal, but my stools have been thinner than usual.
I usually pass two or three narrow stools, and only occasionally do I have stools that are thicker like before (now they are about the size of a 50-cent or 10-cent coin).
Sometimes, after a bowel movement, I feel like there is still a little left but I can't pass it.
Occasionally, my stools are formed but turn into a mushy mass when they come into contact with water, and sometimes they come out unformed (but it's not diarrhea).
When wiping, there is often a small lump of stool that feels sticky like mud.
The odor of my stools: previously, they had a mild smell, but now they are very foul.
I also find myself passing gas more frequently with a strong odor.
The color of my stools: for a while, they have been dark green, green, or yellow-green, and occasionally yellowish.
Could you please tell me what might be wrong with my gastrointestinal system?

A-Hsiung, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2017/09/27

Dr. Cai Jinji reply Gastroenterology and Hepatology

You can visit a gastroenterologist to have your stool examined for any abnormalities.

Reply Date: 2017/09/27

More Info

Based on your detailed description of your digestive issues, it seems you are experiencing a combination of symptoms that could be indicative of several underlying conditions. The symptoms you mentioned, such as bloating, changes in stool consistency and frequency, and the presence of mucus or unusual colors in your stool, warrant a closer examination.

Possible Causes of Your Symptoms
1. Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): Given your history of digestive issues, including bloating and changes in stool form, IBS could be a likely cause. IBS is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by symptoms like abdominal pain, bloating, and altered bowel habits (diarrhea, constipation, or alternating between both). Stress, dietary changes, and irregular eating patterns can exacerbate IBS symptoms.

2. Dietary Factors: Your mention of a high-protein diet and irregular eating habits could contribute to your symptoms. A diet low in fiber can lead to constipation and hard stools, while sudden changes in diet (like consuming spicy foods or fermented products such as kimchi) can irritate the gut and lead to diarrhea or bloating. The presence of mucus in your stool may indicate irritation or inflammation in the intestines.

3. Gastrointestinal Infections: If you experienced diarrhea after eating something that may have been contaminated, it could indicate a gastrointestinal infection. Such infections can lead to temporary changes in bowel habits and stool characteristics.

4. Food Intolerances or Allergies: Certain foods can trigger digestive symptoms in sensitive individuals. Common culprits include lactose (found in dairy), gluten (found in wheat), and certain high-FODMAP foods (like beans, onions, and garlic). Keeping a food diary to track your symptoms in relation to your diet may help identify any problematic foods.

5. Stress and Mental Health: You mentioned that your symptoms began around a time of increased stress. Psychological factors can significantly impact gut health, leading to symptoms like bloating and irregular bowel movements. The gut-brain axis is a well-established concept in medicine, indicating that stress and anxiety can exacerbate gastrointestinal symptoms.

Recommendations for Management
1. Dietary Adjustments: Aim to increase your fiber intake gradually by incorporating more fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes into your diet. This can help regulate your bowel movements and improve stool consistency. Additionally, consider reducing your intake of high-fat and spicy foods, as they can irritate the digestive tract.

2. Hydration: Ensure you are drinking enough water throughout the day. Proper hydration is crucial for digestive health and can help prevent constipation.

3. Regular Eating Schedule: Try to establish a regular eating pattern. Eating at consistent times can help regulate your digestive system and may alleviate some of your symptoms.

4. Stress Management: Engage in stress-reducing activities such as exercise, meditation, or yoga. These practices can help improve your overall well-being and may positively impact your digestive health.

5. Consult a Healthcare Professional: Given the complexity of your symptoms, it would be wise to consult a gastroenterologist or a healthcare provider specializing in digestive health. They may recommend tests such as stool analysis, blood tests, or imaging studies to rule out any serious conditions and provide a tailored treatment plan.

6. Monitor Symptoms: Keep a detailed diary of your symptoms, dietary intake, and any other relevant factors (like stress levels) to help your healthcare provider understand your situation better.

Conclusion
Your symptoms suggest a multifactorial issue that could involve dietary habits, stress, and possibly an underlying gastrointestinal condition. By making dietary adjustments, managing stress, and seeking professional guidance, you can work towards improving your digestive health. Remember, it’s essential to listen to your body and seek help when needed.

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