Gardasil 9: HPV Vaccine Efficacy and Recommendations

Gardasil 9 HPV Vaccine (9-Valent Human Papillomavirus Vaccine)

Hello Dr.
Huang,
1.
Can a male who receives all three doses of the vaccine before the age of 27 effectively generate antibodies to combat HPV types 6 and 11, which cause genital warts?
2.
If only one dose is administered, what is the percentage of resistance to genital warts (condylomata acuminata)?
3.
Since other countries seem to be extending the vaccine eligibility up to age 45, how many years after completing the three doses should one receive a booster to maintain antibody levels? Thank you.

Mr. Chen, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2017/10/10

Dr. Huang Jianzhong reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

1.
Can a male who receives all three doses of the vaccine before the age of 27 effectively produce antibodies to combat the types 6 and 11 strains that cause genital warts? Answer: Yes.

2.
If only one dose is administered, what is the percentage of resistance to genital warts (condyloma acuminatum)? Answer: It is likely ineffective.

3.
Since other countries seem to be extending the vaccine eligibility up to age 45, how many years after completing the three doses should one receive a booster to maintain antibody levels? Answer: Currently, it is believed that a booster is not necessary.

Reply Date: 2017/10/10

More Info

Gardasil 9 is a non-infectious recombinant vaccine designed to protect against certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV), specifically types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58. These types are associated with various conditions, including cervical cancer and genital warts (also known as condylomata acuminata). Understanding the efficacy and recommendations surrounding this vaccine is crucial for both men and women, especially as HPV can affect anyone, regardless of gender.

1. Efficacy in Males: Research indicates that males who receive the full three-dose series of Gardasil 9 before the age of 27 can indeed develop effective antibodies against HPV types 6 and 11, which are responsible for the majority of genital warts. The vaccine has been shown to elicit a robust immune response, with studies suggesting that around 99.9% of vaccinated individuals produce antibodies against these HPV types. This high efficacy underscores the importance of vaccination in preventing HPV-related diseases, including genital warts.

2. Single Dose Efficacy: If only one dose of Gardasil 9 is administered, the level of protection against genital warts is significantly lower than with the complete three-dose series. While specific percentages can vary based on individual immune responses and other factors, studies suggest that a single dose may not provide adequate protection against HPV types 6 and 11. The full three-dose regimen is recommended to ensure optimal immune response and protection.

3. Age Recommendations and Booster Doses: As of now, the FDA has approved Gardasil 9 for use in individuals up to 45 years of age, expanding the age range for vaccination. This change reflects growing evidence that vaccination can still be beneficial in older populations, particularly for those who may not have been previously exposed to HPV. After completing the three-dose series, routine booster doses are not currently recommended. The duration of immunity following vaccination is still being studied, but evidence suggests that the protection offered by Gardasil 9 is long-lasting, potentially extending for many years. However, ongoing research is necessary to determine if and when booster doses might be needed in the future.

In summary, Gardasil 9 is a highly effective vaccine against several HPV types that can lead to serious health issues, including cervical cancer and genital warts. For males under 27, completing the three-dose series is crucial for optimal protection. While the vaccine is now available for individuals up to 45 years old, it is essential to consult with healthcare providers regarding personal health history and vaccination needs. Regular health screenings, including HPV testing and Pap smears for women, remain important components of preventive healthcare, even for vaccinated individuals.

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