Improving Sperm Count: Urology Insights on Trauma and Fertility

Inquire about issues related to the male genitalia?

I have been married for many years but have been unable to conceive.
My tests show no issues, while my husband's test results indicate normal sperm motility but low sperm count.
Recently, he mentioned that he had previously fallen and injured his testicles (before our marriage), and since then, he has experienced some lingering pain.
Therefore, I would like to ask: 1.
How can we increase sperm count, and which specialty should we consult? 2.
Could the testicular injury affect fertility, and is it a serious concern?

Miss Zhang, 30~39 year old female. Ask Date: 2000/10/02

Dr. Pan Zhenqin reply Urology

Male infertility (normal female, infertility due to decreased sperm count or poor motility in males) has many causes, with varicocele being one of the more common ones.
Although your husband has a history of testicular trauma, unless there is a rupture of the tunica albuginea or sperm leakage leading to the formation of antisperm antibodies, which could affect sperm production in the contralateral testis, or if both testes have sustained severe damage, it should not cause infertility issues.
A low sperm count should prompt a consultation with a urologist for further evaluation and treatment.

Reply Date: 2000/10/02

More Info

Improving sperm count and understanding the implications of testicular trauma on fertility are critical concerns for couples facing challenges in conception. In your case, where your husband has a normal sperm motility but a low sperm count, it is essential to explore various avenues for improvement and to assess the potential impact of his past testicular injury.

Understanding Sperm Count and Fertility
Sperm count is a crucial factor in male fertility. A low sperm count, defined as fewer than 15 million sperm per milliliter of semen, can significantly reduce the chances of conception. Factors that can influence sperm count include lifestyle choices, medical conditions, and environmental factors.
1. Lifestyle Modifications: Encouraging your husband to adopt a healthier lifestyle can have a positive impact on sperm production. This includes:
- Diet: A balanced diet rich in antioxidants (found in fruits and vegetables), omega-3 fatty acids, and vitamins (especially Vitamin C, D, and Zinc) can support sperm health.

- Exercise: Regular physical activity can help maintain a healthy weight and improve hormone levels, which may enhance sperm production.

- Avoiding Toxins: Limiting exposure to environmental toxins, such as pesticides, heavy metals, and industrial chemicals, is crucial. Additionally, avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption is recommended.

2. Medical Evaluation: Since your husband has a history of testicular trauma, it is advisable to consult a urologist who specializes in male fertility. The urologist may recommend:
- Semen Analysis: A comprehensive semen analysis can provide insights into sperm count, motility, morphology, and overall semen quality.

- Hormonal Testing: Evaluating hormone levels (such as testosterone and follicle-stimulating hormone) can help identify any underlying hormonal imbalances affecting sperm production.

- Ultrasound: A scrotal ultrasound can assess the condition of the testicles and identify any structural abnormalities or damage resulting from the past injury.

Impact of Testicular Trauma on Fertility
Regarding the concern about whether the past trauma to your husband’s testicles could affect fertility, it is essential to understand the nature of the injury. Minor trauma may not have significant long-term effects, but more severe injuries can lead to complications such as:
- Testicular Atrophy: Damage to the testicular tissue can reduce sperm production.

- Varicocele: This condition, characterized by enlarged veins within the scrotum, can develop as a result of trauma and is known to impact sperm quality and count.

- Antisperm Antibodies: In some cases, trauma can lead to the development of antibodies against sperm, which can hinder fertility.

If your husband experiences persistent pain or discomfort in the testicular area, it is crucial to seek medical attention. Chronic pain may indicate underlying issues that could affect fertility.

Conclusion
In summary, improving sperm count involves a multifaceted approach that includes lifestyle changes, medical evaluation, and possibly treatment for any underlying conditions. Consulting a urologist is a vital step in addressing both the low sperm count and the implications of past testicular trauma. With appropriate interventions and support, many couples can enhance their chances of conception. Remember, fertility is a complex issue, and both partners should be involved in the process of seeking solutions.

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