Emergency Contraceptive Pills: Pregnancy Symptoms or Side Effects?

Emergency contraceptive pill

Having intercourse on the day of ovulation while using a condom and taking emergency contraception within four hours may reduce the likelihood of pregnancy.
However, if your period is two days late and you are experiencing early pregnancy symptoms such as frequent urination, diarrhea, and morning nausea, it is possible that you could be pregnant.
These symptoms can also be side effects of emergency contraception.
It is advisable to take a pregnancy test and consult a healthcare provider for further evaluation.

Niming, 10~19 year old female. Ask Date: 2018/04/09

Dr. Cao Guotao reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

Hello, I apologize for not being able to provide a diagnosis based on what you've described.
It is possible that you may be pregnant.
If you continue to experience discomfort, I recommend seeing a gynecologist.
Wishing you good health.

Reply Date: 2018/04/09

More Info

Emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs), commonly known as "morning-after pills," are designed to prevent pregnancy after unprotected intercourse or contraceptive failure. They are most effective when taken as soon as possible after the event, ideally within 72 hours, but some types can be taken up to 5 days later. The two most common types of ECPs are levonorgestrel (Plan B One-Step) and ulipristal acetate (ella).
When you take ECPs, you may experience side effects that can mimic early pregnancy symptoms. These side effects can include nausea, fatigue, breast tenderness, and changes in your menstrual cycle. It's important to note that these symptoms can be caused by the hormonal changes induced by the ECPs rather than actual pregnancy.
In your case, since you had unprotected intercourse on your ovulation day and took the emergency contraceptive pill within four hours, the likelihood of pregnancy is reduced significantly. However, if your expected period is delayed by two days and you are experiencing symptoms such as frequent urination, diarrhea, and nausea, it could be challenging to distinguish between the effects of the ECP and early pregnancy symptoms.

1. Delayed Period: ECPs can cause changes in your menstrual cycle, including a delay in your next period. This is a common side effect and does not necessarily indicate pregnancy.
2. Pregnancy Symptoms: The symptoms you are experiencing, such as frequent urination and nausea, can also be attributed to the hormonal fluctuations caused by the ECPs. However, they are also classic early signs of pregnancy.
3. Testing for Pregnancy: If your period does not arrive within a week of the expected date, it is advisable to take a home pregnancy test for confirmation. These tests are most accurate when taken after a missed period.
4. Consulting a Healthcare Provider: If you continue to have symptoms or if you have concerns about your health, it is essential to consult a healthcare provider. They can provide a more accurate assessment and guidance based on your specific situation.

In summary, while ECPs are effective in preventing pregnancy, they can cause side effects that mimic early pregnancy symptoms. If you suspect you might be pregnant due to a missed period and symptoms, taking a pregnancy test is the best course of action. If you have further concerns, do not hesitate to reach out to your healthcare provider for personalized advice and support.

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