Painful Lumps Below the Nipple: Causes and Concerns - Breast and Thyroid

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When it comes to painful lumps below the nipple, there are several potential causes that one should consider. The presence of a hard lump that is tender to the touch and then gradually becomes less painful can be indicative of various conditions, some of which may require medical attention.

One common cause of such lumps is a condition known as a fibroadenoma, which is a benign tumor made up of glandular and connective tissue. These lumps are typically painless, but they can sometimes become tender, especially if they are growing or if there is some irritation in the area. Fibroadenomas are most common in younger women and often fluctuate in size with hormonal changes.

Another possibility is a cyst, which is a fluid-filled sac that can develop in the breast tissue. Cysts can be painful, especially if they become large or if they are located near sensitive tissue. They can also fluctuate in size and tenderness, often becoming less painful after the menstrual cycle.

Infections or inflammation can also lead to painful lumps. Mastitis, for example, is an infection of the breast tissue that can cause swelling, redness, and pain. It is more common in breastfeeding women but can occur in others as well. If the lump is associated with fever, redness, or discharge, it is crucial to seek medical attention.

Additionally, hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle can lead to breast tenderness and the formation of lumps. This is often referred to as cyclical breast pain and is typically related to the hormonal fluctuations that occur during the menstrual cycle.
While many lumps in the breast are benign, it is essential to monitor any changes in size, shape, or pain level. If the lump persists, changes, or is accompanied by other symptoms such as discharge from the nipple, significant pain, or changes in the skin over the breast, it is advisable to consult a healthcare professional. They may recommend imaging studies, such as an ultrasound or mammogram, to evaluate the lump further.

In summary, while the lump you describe may be benign, it is important to keep an eye on it and consult a healthcare provider if you have any concerns. Regular breast self-exams and awareness of your body are crucial for early detection of any potential issues. If you experience any new symptoms or if the lump does not resolve, seeking medical advice is the best course of action.