Emergency Contraceptive Pills: Symptoms and When to Seek Help

Emergency contraceptive pill

I took my first oral contraceptive pill on November 13 without a doctor's consultation, and I've been taking a 21-day pill pack until today, December 19.
Recently, I've been experiencing abdominal pain in the mornings, and I've also been feeling like I'm coming down with a cold, which causes me to cough in the mornings to the point of feeling nauseous (this only happens in the morning).
What could be the cause of this situation? Should I see a doctor? Last month, I did not experience any abdominal pain or coughing that made me feel nauseous in the mornings.
Is this normal? I have been taking the pills before bedtime.

Yi, 10~19 year old female. Ask Date: 2018/12/19

Dr. Huang Jianzhong reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

On November 13, I took my first dose of the oral contraceptive pill without a doctor's consultation.
I purchased a 21-day contraceptive pill and have been taking it until today, December 19.
Recently, I have been experiencing abdominal pain in the mornings, and I have also been coughing due to a cold, which sometimes makes me feel like vomiting (only in the mornings).
What could be the cause of this? Should I see a doctor?
Answer: The cough and abdominal pain in the mornings are concerning, and you should see a doctor.
Last month, I did not experience any abdominal pain or the sensation of wanting to vomit from coughing in the mornings.
Is this normal?
Answer: The abdominal pain and the sensation of wanting to vomit from coughing are not normal and are not related to taking the oral contraceptive pill.
Please note that the contraceptive pills are taken before bedtime.

Reply Date: 2018/12/19

More Info

Emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs) are a form of birth control used to prevent pregnancy after unprotected intercourse or contraceptive failure. They are most effective when taken as soon as possible after the event, ideally within 72 hours, but some types can be taken up to five days later. However, it’s important to understand the potential side effects and symptoms that may arise after taking these pills, as well as when to seek medical help.

In your case, you mentioned taking a 21-day contraceptive pill regimen starting on November 13 and experiencing abdominal pain and a cough that leads to nausea. It’s essential to differentiate between normal side effects of the contraceptive pill and symptoms that may require medical attention.

Common Side Effects of Emergency Contraceptive Pills:
1. Nausea and Vomiting: These are common side effects of hormonal contraceptives. If you experience nausea, it may be due to the hormonal changes caused by the pill.

2. Abdominal Pain or Cramps: Hormonal contraceptives can cause changes in your menstrual cycle, leading to cramping or discomfort.

3. Breast Tenderness: Hormonal fluctuations can also result in breast tenderness.

4. Changes in Menstrual Cycle: You may experience changes in the timing or flow of your next period.

When to Seek Medical Help:
1. Severe Abdominal Pain: If the abdominal pain is severe and persistent, it could indicate a more serious condition, such as an ectopic pregnancy or ovarian cysts.

2. Heavy Bleeding: If you experience heavy bleeding that soaks through one or more pads or tampons every hour for several hours, you should seek medical attention.

3. Signs of Infection: Symptoms such as fever, chills, or unusual discharge could indicate an infection.

4. Persistent Nausea or Vomiting: If nausea leads to vomiting and you are unable to keep fluids down, it’s important to seek medical help to avoid dehydration.

5. Coughing with Blood or Severe Symptoms: If your cough worsens or you cough up blood, you should see a doctor immediately.

Given that you are experiencing abdominal pain and a cough that leads to nausea, it’s advisable to consult a healthcare professional. While some discomfort can be normal after starting hormonal contraceptives, the combination of symptoms you are experiencing—especially if they are new and persistent—warrants a medical evaluation.
Additional Considerations:
- Timing of Medication: Ensure you are taking the contraceptive pill as directed. Taking it at the same time every day can help maintain hormone levels and reduce side effects.

- Underlying Conditions: If you have any pre-existing conditions or are taking other medications, these could interact with the contraceptive pill and contribute to your symptoms.

- Monitoring Symptoms: Keep track of your symptoms, including their severity and duration, as this information will be helpful for your healthcare provider.

In conclusion, while some side effects are common with emergency contraceptive pills, it’s crucial to be vigilant about any new or worsening symptoms. Consulting with a healthcare professional will provide you with the best guidance tailored to your specific situation and ensure your health and well-being are prioritized.

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