the Connection Between Depression and ADHD in Young Adults

The eldest daughter exhibits signs of depression, such as a gloomy expression, slow movements, and a lack of a cheerful personality. Seeking advice from a physician?

Dr.
Huang: My eldest daughter has faced challenges in her career since graduating from the National University with a degree in Economics in 2013.
She has changed jobs multiple times at different banks and is currently working at a securities company, where she seems to have found some stability.
Reflecting on her work history, she possesses a stunningly beautiful face, yet often displays a cold demeanor and a sour expression.
She was even advised by an interviewer from Citibank that one should not have a sour face in the service industry.
After being reprimanded by her supervisor for making a calculation error, she abruptly left the job and remained silent for several days, ignoring her supervisor's repeated invitations to return.
On one occasion, I noticed her asking her new supervisor for help in photocopying relevant documents, and when I questioned her about how she could make such requests, she surprisingly replied, "He appreciates me."
During the recent Lunar New Year, my grandfather, aunt, and uncle were at home when she walked in.
My grandfather urged her to greet them, but she only said, "Grandpa, Happy New Year," without acknowledging my aunt and uncle, which was indeed a strange behavior.
Later, when I asked her about it, she insisted that she had greeted them, but in reality, she had not.
My eldest daughter is not in good health, and I feel that her "energy" is insufficient.
I once asked her if she was taking any long-term medications, as she seemed a bit depressed, but she did not respond.
Recently, I found a medication bag dated January 30, 2019, containing five bags of medications: 1.
clonazepam 2.
aripiprazole 3.
flupentixol 4.
methylphenidate 5.
unknown (the photo was unclear, so I could not identify it).
I checked the national online pharmacopoeia and found that the indications for these medications include anxiety, psychosis, ADHD, epilepsy, and Tourette syndrome.
I do not know how long she has been taking these medications or who informed her of her need for them.
This reminds me of her high school days when she was very disruptive in class; the teacher even called me to say that her section of students was like a rock concert.
However, at that time, we only scolded her and did not investigate the underlying reasons.
I have a few questions:
1.
Aren't ADHD and depression two opposing ends of the spectrum? How can someone be both depressed and hyperactive?
2.
How can I interact with her to help her gradually rediscover her sunny self?
3.
I am very afraid that if she gets married and has children in the future, she may be more prone to postpartum depression.
Postpartum depression is quite frightening.

Thank you, doctor, for taking the time to respond.
Sincerely, Ms.
Li 0963638765 [email protected]

Li Sujun, 50~59 year old female. Ask Date: 2019/02/12

Dr. Huang Xiaoxian reply Psychiatry

Dear Ms.
Li,
It sounds like your daughter’s behavior is causing you some concern, and her interactions with others may not be appropriate.
Generally, it’s important to distinguish whether these behaviors align with her original personality or if they are a result of her condition.
It seems she has been receiving treatment and evaluation, which should be beneficial for both factors mentioned.
I recommend continuing this approach.

Regarding the questions you raised:
1.
Isn't hyperactivity and depression two opposite ends of the spectrum? How can someone be both depressed and hyperactive? There is indeed a diagnosis known as bipolar disorder, which involves fluctuations between manic and depressive episodes, and it is essential to carefully differentiate between your daughter’s hyperactivity and mania.
Additionally, some individuals with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) may also experience depressive moods, which is certainly possible.
2.
How can I help her gradually rediscover her sunny self?
5.
I am so afraid that if she gets married and has children in the future, she might be more susceptible to postpartum depression.
Postpartum depression can be quite daunting.
Thank you, doctor, for taking the time to respond.
As for the family’s concern and love, it can indeed help the individual express their feelings and adjust.
However, individuals often choose to conceal their emotions out of fear of being blamed, not being understood, or worrying their family.
Perhaps you could try to approach the situation with a more open attitude, allowing her to feel comfortable enough to share her thoughts.
I hope this information is helpful, and I wish your daughter a speedy recovery!

Reply Date: 2019/02/12

More Info

Understanding the connection between ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) and depression in young adults is crucial, especially considering the complexities of mental health. ADHD is characterized by symptoms such as impulsivity, hyperactivity, and inattention, while depression often manifests as persistent sadness, loss of interest in activities, and emotional numbness. It may seem counterintuitive that these two conditions can coexist, but research indicates that they are more common together than one might expect.

1. The Coexistence of ADHD and Depression: ADHD and depression can indeed coexist, and this is not uncommon. Individuals with ADHD often experience challenges in various aspects of life, including academic performance, social interactions, and self-esteem. These challenges can lead to feelings of frustration, inadequacy, and failure, which may contribute to the development of depressive symptoms. The impulsivity and emotional dysregulation associated with ADHD can also exacerbate feelings of depression, creating a cycle that is difficult to break.

2. Understanding the Symptoms: In young adults, symptoms of ADHD may manifest as difficulty in maintaining attention in work or academic settings, leading to poor performance and increased stress. This stress can trigger or worsen depressive symptoms. Additionally, the emotional instability often seen in ADHD can lead to intense feelings of sadness or anger, further complicating the emotional landscape for these individuals. For instance, a young adult may react to criticism or failure with extreme emotional responses, which can lead to withdrawal and depressive feelings.

3. Addressing the Challenges: To help someone with both ADHD and depression, it is essential to approach the situation with empathy and understanding. Encouraging open communication about their feelings and experiences can help them feel supported. It may also be beneficial to seek professional help, such as therapy or counseling, which can provide coping strategies and tools to manage both conditions. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) has been shown to be effective in treating both ADHD and depression, as it helps individuals develop healthier thought patterns and behaviors.

4. Medication Management: The medications mentioned, such as methylphenidate (used for ADHD) and clonazepam (used for anxiety), indicate that the individual is receiving treatment for both conditions. It is crucial to work closely with a healthcare provider to ensure that the medications are effectively managing symptoms without causing adverse effects. Regular follow-ups can help adjust treatment plans as needed.

5. Concerns About Future Parenthood: Your concern about the potential for postpartum depression is valid. Research suggests that individuals with a history of depression may be at a higher risk for postpartum depression. However, this does not mean that it is inevitable. With proper support, treatment, and coping strategies, many individuals can navigate the challenges of parenthood successfully. It is essential to maintain open communication with healthcare providers throughout pregnancy and after childbirth to monitor mental health closely.

In conclusion, the connection between ADHD and depression is complex and multifaceted. Understanding this relationship is vital for providing the necessary support and treatment. Encouraging open dialogue, seeking professional help, and fostering a supportive environment can significantly impact the well-being of individuals facing these challenges. It is essential to remember that recovery is a journey, and with the right resources and support, individuals can find their way back to a more balanced and fulfilling life.

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