Missed Birth Control Pills: Are You Still Protected During Your Period?

If you miss taking the emergency contraceptive pill for three days and then get your period, is there still contraceptive effectiveness?

I have been taking oral contraceptives continuously for six months, but I forgot to take them for three days this week due to being busy.
My period started yesterday, and I went to a gynecologist who prescribed me new pills and advised me to start taking the old ones again five days later, discarding the current pack.
I would like to ask the doctor if there is any contraceptive effect during the period from "the first day of my period to the first day of taking the new pack." Is there a risk of pregnancy if I have sexual intercourse during this time? I have been tracking my ovulation, and I am unsure if having my period now means I will ovulate.
Thank you for your clarification!

Djdkd, 10~19 year old female. Ask Date: 2019/02/16

Dr. Huang Jianzhong reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

I have been taking oral contraceptives continuously for six months, but I forgot to take them for three days this week due to being busy.
My period started yesterday, and I went to see a gynecologist who prescribed me a new pack of pills and advised me to start taking the old pills again five days later, discarding the current pack.
I would like to ask the doctor if there is any contraceptive effect during the period from "the first day of my period to the first day of taking the new pack."
Answer: There is still some contraceptive effect, but if I have sexual intercourse, is there a risk of pregnancy?
Answer: You should use condoms.

P.S.
I am currently in my ovulation period (I have been tracking it) and I am uncertain if having my period at this time will affect ovulation.

Reply Date: 2019/02/16

More Info

When it comes to missed birth control pills and their effectiveness during menstruation, it’s essential to understand how hormonal contraceptives work and the implications of missing doses. Birth control pills, particularly combined oral contraceptives, are designed to prevent ovulation, thicken cervical mucus, and thin the uterine lining to prevent pregnancy. However, their effectiveness can be compromised if pills are missed.

In your case, you mentioned that you missed three consecutive pills and then your period started. Generally, if you miss one or more pills, especially in the first week of your pack, the risk of ovulation increases, which could lead to a potential pregnancy if you engage in unprotected intercourse. The effectiveness of the pill is significantly reduced when pills are missed, particularly if you missed them during the first week of your cycle.

Since you are currently on your period, it is important to note that menstruation itself does not guarantee that you are not ovulating. While it is less likely to conceive during your period, it is still possible, especially if your cycle is shorter or if you have irregular cycles. Sperm can live inside the female reproductive tract for up to five days, so if you ovulate shortly after your period ends, there is a risk of pregnancy if you have unprotected sex during this time.

Regarding your specific situation, since your doctor has advised you to start a new pack of pills five days after your period begins, you should follow their instructions closely. The new pack will help restore your contraceptive protection, but it is crucial to use additional contraception (like condoms) during the first seven days of the new pack to ensure you are fully protected against pregnancy.

It’s also worth noting that your concern about ovulation during your period is valid. Some women can experience ovulation irregularities, and tracking your cycle can help you understand your body better. If you have been keeping a record of your ovulation, it may provide insights into your cycle patterns, but remember that stress, hormonal changes, and missed pills can all affect ovulation timing.

In summary, during the time between your period and when you start the new pack of pills, you may not have reliable contraceptive protection due to the missed pills. Engaging in unprotected sex during this time could lead to pregnancy, especially if you are approaching your ovulation window. It is advisable to use backup contraception until you have taken the new pack for at least seven days. If you have further concerns or questions, discussing them with your healthcare provider can provide personalized guidance based on your health history and contraceptive needs.

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