the Connection Between Weight Loss and Blood Pressure

Q: the Connection Between Weight Loss and Blood Pressure

Dear Mr. Ah-Xiang： 1. Normal blood pressure is defined as systolic pressure < 102 mmHg and diastolic pressure < 80 mmHg. Hypertension is generally defined as systolic pressure ≥ 140 mmHg or diastolic pressure ≥ 90 mmHg. An increase of 20 mmHg in systolic pressu

Weight Loss and Blood Pressure

Dear Dr.
Hsiao,
I would like to inquire about the relationship between weight loss and blood pressure.
Recently, I measured my blood pressure, which was approximately 115 (systolic)/83-87 (diastolic) after several measurements.
My weight is around 84 kg, and my BMI is about 29.
I would like to ask you, Dr.
Hsiao:
1.
Are my blood pressure readings of 115 (systolic)/83-87 (diastolic) within the normal range, or do they indicate prehypertension?
2.
If I pursue weight loss, will my blood pressure decrease as well?
Thank you for your guidance.

Axiang, 30~39 year old female. Ask Date: 2019/03/09

Dr. Xiao Yongxun reply Family Medicine

Dear Mr.
Ah-Xiang:
1.
Normal blood pressure is defined as systolic pressure < 102 mmHg and diastolic pressure < 80 mmHg.
Hypertension is generally defined as systolic pressure ≥ 140 mmHg or diastolic pressure ≥ 90 mmHg.
An increase of 20 mmHg in systolic pressure or 10 mmHg in diastolic pressure can double the risk of coronary artery disease.
For patients over 50 years old, systolic pressure is a significant risk factor; for those under 50, diastolic pressure is more important for predicting mortality.
A single measurement of blood pressure is usually insufficient to diagnose hypertension; therefore, please measure your blood pressure at least once in the morning and evening.
If it remains elevated and meets the aforementioned criteria, it can be classified as hypertension.
Based on the blood pressure values you provided, I believe it cannot be classified as hypertension.
However, since your diastolic pressure is slightly elevated, I recommend trying non-pharmacological methods, which may help improve the situation.
Some scholars refer to this blood pressure state as prehypertension, which is reasonable; as younger individuals often exhibit elevated diastolic pressure first, with systolic pressure typically rising later in middle age.
(This explanation is based on general medical principles and does not include special conditions or diseases.)
2.
Risk factors for hypertension include age, obesity, family history, race, high salt intake, alcohol consumption, smoking, physical inactivity, diabetes, dyslipidemia, kidney damage, and psychosocial factors.
Your body mass index (BMI) is 29 kg/m², which falls into the category of mild obesity and is indeed a risk factor.
However, do not forget to address other controllable risk factors, including high salt intake, alcohol consumption, smoking, physical inactivity, diabetes, dyslipidemia, kidney damage, and psychosocial factors.
Generally, losing about 4-5 kg can lead to a noticeable decrease in blood pressure.
3.
Dietary control, regular exercise, and behavioral therapy are non-pharmacological methods for weight loss; dietary control is the fundamental step in this process.
It is generally recommended that individuals consume 1500-1200 calories per day to meet nutritional needs.
Clinically, we suggest that men aim for a caloric intake of 1500-1800 calories per day and women 1200-1500 calories per day, or reduce daily caloric intake by 500 calories.
This approach can lead to a weight loss of approximately 0.45 kg per week.
Rapid weight loss can sometimes result in rebound weight gain.
An unbalanced diet may lead to muscle protein depletion or accelerated fat accumulation.
These are all important considerations.

Reply Date: 2019/03/09

More Info

Understanding the connection between weight loss and blood pressure is crucial for maintaining cardiovascular health. Your inquiry about your blood pressure readings and their implications is very relevant, especially considering your current weight and BMI.

1. Blood Pressure Readings: Your blood pressure readings of 115 mmHg systolic and between 83-87 mmHg diastolic fall within the normal range. According to the American Heart Association (AHA), normal blood pressure is defined as systolic pressure less than 120 mmHg and diastolic pressure less than 80 mmHg. Your readings indicate that you are not in the hypertensive range, which is defined as having a systolic pressure of 140 mmHg or higher or a diastolic pressure of 90 mmHg or higher. However, the diastolic reading at the higher end (87 mmHg) could suggest that you are approaching the elevated blood pressure category, which is defined as systolic between 120-129 mmHg and diastolic less than 80 mmHg. Therefore, while your blood pressure is generally normal, it is wise to monitor it regularly, especially given your BMI of 29, which classifies you as overweight.

2. Impact of Weight Loss on Blood Pressure: Weight loss can have a significant positive effect on blood pressure. Studies have shown that even a modest weight loss of 5-10% of your body weight can lead to a reduction in blood pressure. This is particularly important for individuals who are overweight or obese, as excess weight is a well-known risk factor for hypertension. The mechanisms behind this relationship include improved insulin sensitivity, reduced arterial stiffness, and decreased sympathetic nervous system activity, all of which contribute to lower blood pressure levels.

In your case, with a weight of 84 kg and a BMI of 29, losing weight could help lower your blood pressure and reduce your risk of developing hypertension in the future. It is essential to approach weight loss through a combination of dietary changes and increased physical activity. A balanced diet that emphasizes fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats, while reducing sodium intake, can be particularly beneficial. Regular physical activity, such as aerobic exercises, can also help in managing weight and improving cardiovascular health.

Moreover, it is important to consider other lifestyle factors that can influence blood pressure, such as stress management, adequate sleep, and avoiding tobacco and excessive alcohol consumption. These factors, combined with weight management, can lead to better overall health and potentially lower blood pressure readings.

In summary, your current blood pressure readings are within the normal range, but it is advisable to keep an eye on them, especially given your BMI. Engaging in weight loss efforts can indeed help lower your blood pressure and improve your cardiovascular health. Always consult with your healthcare provider before making significant changes to your diet or exercise routine, as they can provide personalized recommendations based on your health history and current condition.

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