High Myopia: Symptoms, Risks, and Treatment Options - Ophthalmology

More Info

---

High myopia, also known as pathological myopia, is a severe form of nearsightedness that can lead to various ocular complications, including retinal detachment, macular degeneration, and other structural changes in the eye. Your symptoms of seeing numerous transparent white spots or black shadows, particularly in low-light conditions or against a single-color background, can indeed be concerning and warrant further investigation.


Symptoms and Risks of High Myopia
Individuals with high myopia often experience visual disturbances due to changes in the vitreous body and retina. The vitreous gel, which fills the eye, can undergo liquefaction and shrinkage, leading to vitreous detachment. This can manifest as floaters or flashes of light. The presence of static spots, as you described, may indicate that there is some degree of retinal involvement, especially if you have a history of peripheral retinal degeneration.

The structural changes associated with high myopia include elongation of the eyeball, which can stretch the retina and lead to thinning or degeneration. This is what is often referred to as a "structural issue" in the context of high myopia. The retina may become more susceptible to tears or detachments, particularly in the periphery, where degenerative changes are more common.


Potential Causes of Your Symptoms
Regarding your concern about the potential impact of prolonged exposure to strong light, such as from laser experiments, while there is some evidence that excessive UV or blue light exposure can contribute to retinal damage, the primary concern in high myopia is the structural changes that occur within the eye itself. The elongation of the eyeball and changes in the vitreous are more directly related to the symptoms you are experiencing.


Treatment Options
Currently, there is no definitive cure for high myopia, and management typically focuses on monitoring and addressing complications as they arise. If your symptoms are due to retinal issues, such as tears or detachments, surgical interventions like laser photocoagulation or vitrectomy may be necessary. Regular follow-ups with an ophthalmologist are crucial to monitor the condition of your retina and vitreous.

In terms of managing your symptoms, it is essential to maintain regular eye examinations, especially if you notice any changes in your vision. Protective eyewear may be beneficial if you are exposed to bright lights frequently, and discussing lifestyle modifications with your eye care provider can help mitigate some risks associated with high myopia.


Conclusion
In summary, high myopia can lead to significant ocular complications, and your symptoms warrant careful evaluation. While structural changes in the eye are a primary concern, the presence of static visual disturbances may indicate retinal involvement. Regular monitoring and appropriate interventions are key to managing your condition. If you have ongoing concerns or if your symptoms worsen, seeking a second opinion or further evaluation from a retinal specialist may provide additional insights and treatment options.