Impact of Chickenpox on Pregnant Women and Their Babies

Chickenpox

I am currently three months pregnant, but my husband recently developed chickenpox.
I am concerned about the potential effects on me and the fetus.

Fangfang, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2000/12/01

Dr. Wang Jionglang reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

Ms.
Fang, the most important thing for you right now is to avoid being infected by your husband, as pregnant women in the early stages of pregnancy have a significantly higher risk of transmitting the varicella virus to the fetus.
If you can avoid being infected by your husband, you can have a safe pregnancy.

Reply Date: 2000/12/01

More Info

Chickenpox, or varicella, is a highly contagious viral infection that can pose significant risks to pregnant women and their unborn babies. If you are currently three months pregnant and your husband has recently developed chickenpox, it is essential to understand the potential implications for both you and your fetus.

First and foremost, if you have had chickenpox in the past or have been vaccinated against it, you are likely immune to the virus. This immunity significantly reduces the risk of contracting chickenpox during pregnancy. However, if you have never had chickenpox or have not been vaccinated, you are at risk of contracting the virus from your husband.

The primary concern with chickenpox during pregnancy is the risk of congenital varicella syndrome (CVS), which can occur if a woman contracts chickenpox during the first trimester. CVS can lead to severe birth defects, including limb abnormalities, eye problems, and neurological issues. The risk of CVS is highest if the mother contracts chickenpox between the 8th and 20th weeks of pregnancy. However, the overall risk of transmission and severe outcomes is relatively low.

If you are exposed to chickenpox during your pregnancy, it is crucial to consult your healthcare provider immediately. They may recommend a blood test to check for immunity to the virus. If you are not immune, your doctor may consider administering varicella-zoster immune globulin (VZIG) to help reduce the severity of the disease if you do contract it.

In addition to the risks associated with CVS, chickenpox can also lead to complications for the mother, such as pneumonia, which can be more severe in pregnant women. If a woman develops chickenpox shortly before or after delivery, there is also a risk of severe infection in the newborn, as they may not have had the chance to develop immunity.

In summary, if your husband has chickenpox and you are unsure of your immunity status, it is vital to seek medical advice promptly. Your healthcare provider can guide you on the best course of action, including monitoring for symptoms and potential treatments to protect both you and your baby.
Moreover, if you are found to be non-immune, it is advisable to avoid close contact with your husband until he has fully recovered and the risk of transmission has diminished. This includes avoiding sharing personal items, close physical contact, and ensuring that he follows proper hygiene practices to limit the spread of the virus.

In conclusion, while chickenpox can pose risks during pregnancy, early intervention and proper medical guidance can help mitigate these risks. Always prioritize open communication with your healthcare provider to ensure the health and safety of both you and your unborn child.

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