Abnormal Bowel Habits: Symptoms and Concerns

Abnormal bowel habits

In the past two weeks, I have noticed a significant change in my bowel habits.
Previously, I would have a bowel movement once a day or every two days, but recently the frequency has increased to three or four times a day.
The stool volume is not much, and sometimes I have to strain.
When I am out, I don't usually feel the urge to have a bowel movement, but as soon as I get home, I feel a constant urge to go, yet I only pass a small amount or sometimes can't pass anything at all.
After eating, I also experience a feeling of abdominal bloating.
I researched online and found information related to colorectal cancer and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), including (1) changes in bowel frequency, (2) changes in bowel sensations (such as needing to strain, urgency, or feeling of incomplete evacuation), and (3) abdominal bloating.
Currently, I do not have any significant symptoms of blood in my stool, but I have been experiencing considerable mood swings lately.
I'm unsure if I might have IBS or colorectal cancer.
I have seen a doctor, but they diagnosed me with indigestion, and the medication has not improved my condition significantly.

Niming, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2019/10/20

Dr. Ke Fangxu reply Surgery

Although the probability of developing colorectal cancer at the age of 20 is not zero, it is generally very low.
Based on your description, it seems more like irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
It is recommended to start with a light diet and maintain a good lifestyle.
Spicy, irritating, and greasy foods should be avoided.
Increasing dietary fiber intake can also be beneficial.
If symptoms persist without improvement, you may consult a physician for medication or to undergo a colonoscopy.

Reply Date: 2019/10/20

More Info

Understanding abnormal bowel habits can be quite concerning, especially when changes occur suddenly or are accompanied by other symptoms. Based on your description, it seems you are experiencing a significant alteration in your bowel habits, which includes increased frequency of bowel movements, a feeling of incomplete evacuation, and abdominal bloating. These symptoms can indeed be indicative of conditions such as Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) or, in more serious cases, colorectal cancer, especially given your family history.

What is Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)?
Irritable Bowel Syndrome is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by a combination of symptoms that can include abdominal pain, bloating, and changes in bowel habits, such as diarrhea or constipation. The exact cause of IBS is not well understood, but it is believed to involve a combination of gut-brain interactions, dietary factors, and stress. Stress and anxiety can significantly exacerbate IBS symptoms, leading to increased bowel motility and discomfort.

Symptoms of IBS
1. Altered Bowel Habits: This includes changes in the frequency of bowel movements, which can range from diarrhea to constipation or alternating between both.

2. Abdominal Pain and Discomfort: This pain is often relieved after a bowel movement.

3. Bloating and Gas: Many individuals with IBS report significant bloating and discomfort after meals.

4. Urgency: A sudden and strong urge to have a bowel movement, often accompanied by a feeling of incomplete evacuation.

Concerns about Colorectal Cancer
Given your family history of colorectal cancer, it is understandable to be concerned about the possibility of cancer, especially with the changes in your bowel habits. Colorectal cancer can present with symptoms such as:
1. Changes in Bowel Habits: This can include diarrhea, constipation, or a change in the consistency of your stool.

2. Blood in Stool: While you mentioned you do not have blood in your stool, this is a common symptom that should not be overlooked.

3. Unexplained Weight Loss: Significant weight loss without trying can be a red flag.

4. Persistent Abdominal Discomfort: This includes cramps, gas, or pain that does not go away.

Recommendations
1. Consult a Gastroenterologist: Given your symptoms and family history, it would be prudent to consult a gastroenterologist for a thorough evaluation. They may recommend diagnostic tests such as a colonoscopy to rule out any serious conditions, including colorectal cancer.

2. Dietary Modifications: Keeping a food diary can help identify any dietary triggers that may be exacerbating your symptoms. Common culprits include high-fat foods, dairy, gluten, and certain carbohydrates known as FODMAPs.

3. Stress Management: Since stress can significantly impact IBS symptoms, incorporating stress-reduction techniques such as mindfulness, yoga, or cognitive-behavioral therapy may be beneficial.

4. Medications: If IBS is diagnosed, medications such as antispasmodics, laxatives, or anti-diarrheal agents may be prescribed to help manage symptoms.

5. Regular Monitoring: Keep track of your symptoms and any changes. If you notice worsening symptoms or new symptoms develop, seek medical attention promptly.

Conclusion
In summary, while your symptoms may suggest IBS, the concern for colorectal cancer, especially with a family history, warrants further investigation. It is essential to work closely with your healthcare provider to determine the underlying cause of your symptoms and to develop an appropriate treatment plan. Early diagnosis and intervention can significantly improve outcomes and quality of life.

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