Pre-Diabetes: Is a Fasting Blood Sugar of 106 Concerning?

Blood sugar issues?

Hello Doctor, I would like to ask about my situation.
Last year, I had several blood tests for other issues, and my blood sugar levels were normal.
However, during my physical examination last month, my fasting blood sugar was measured at 106.
Does this indicate that I am in the prediabetic stage? Should I take medication to manage it, or can I control it through exercise? (I usually walk briskly for about 1 to 1.5 hours at the track.) I traveled abroad two weeks before the physical exam, and during that time, I indulged in food and didn't pay attention to my diet or exercise.
Could this have affected my blood sugar levels during the December examination? Thank you for your response, Doctor.

nk, 30~39 year old female. Ask Date: 2020/01/05

Dr. Chen Jianyu reply Internal Medicine

1.
Not counted.
2.
Exercise control.
3.
Yes.

Reply Date: 2020/01/05

More Info

A fasting blood sugar level of 106 mg/dL does indeed raise some concerns, as it falls within the range classified as "impaired fasting glucose" (IFG), which is a precursor to type 2 diabetes. According to the American Diabetes Association, a fasting blood sugar level between 100 and 125 mg/dL indicates pre-diabetes. This means that while you are not yet diagnosed with diabetes, you are at an increased risk of developing it in the future if lifestyle changes are not made.

Your previous blood tests showing normal blood sugar levels are encouraging, but the recent reading suggests that your body may be starting to have difficulty managing glucose levels, particularly after a period of less healthy eating and reduced physical activity. The two weeks of indulgent eating and decreased exercise prior to your test could certainly have influenced your fasting blood sugar level. Diet and physical activity play crucial roles in blood sugar regulation, and temporary changes in these areas can lead to fluctuations in blood glucose levels.

In terms of management, lifestyle modifications are often the first line of defense against pre-diabetes. Regular physical activity, such as your routine of brisk walking for 1 to 1.5 hours, is beneficial. The CDC recommends at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise per week, which can help improve insulin sensitivity and lower blood sugar levels. Additionally, focusing on a balanced diet that is low in refined sugars and high in fiber can significantly impact your blood sugar control. Foods rich in whole grains, fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and healthy fats should be prioritized.

Weight management is also critical. If you are overweight, even a modest weight loss of 5-10% of your body weight can improve insulin sensitivity and lower blood sugar levels. Since you mentioned that you have been active, maintaining or increasing your activity level while also being mindful of your dietary choices can help you manage your blood sugar effectively.

As for medication, it is typically not the first step for someone with a fasting blood sugar of 106 mg/dL, especially if lifestyle changes can be implemented. Medications like Metformin may be considered if lifestyle interventions do not yield the desired results or if your blood sugar levels continue to rise. However, it is essential to consult with your healthcare provider to discuss your specific situation, including your family history of diabetes, and to determine the best course of action.

In summary, a fasting blood sugar of 106 mg/dL is concerning and indicates pre-diabetes. However, with proactive lifestyle changes—such as maintaining a healthy diet, regular exercise, and weight management—you may be able to control your blood sugar levels effectively without the need for medication. Regular monitoring of your blood sugar levels and follow-up with your healthcare provider will also be essential in managing your risk of developing type 2 diabetes.

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