Menstrual Irregularities: Cysts, Causes, and Treatment Options

Menstrual irregularities

Hello, Doctor: Five months ago, I went to a gynecology clinic for an ultrasound because my menstrual period lasted longer than usual.
The doctor said everything was fine, but since then, my periods have been very frequent and prolonged.
Recently, I went to a larger hospital for further examination, and the doctor also performed an ultrasound, discovering a 2.5 cm cyst on my ovary (there was still a little bleeding that day).
The doctor mentioned that cysts usually resolve on their own.
When I asked if I needed a blood test, he said that blood tests wouldn't reveal much and indicated that I have non-functional abnormal bleeding (I didn't hear clearly).
He suggested that taking medication to regulate my menstrual cycle would be sufficient.
Therefore, I would like to ask you: 1.
Will the cyst really disappear? 2.
Could the cyst be the cause of my menstrual irregularities, or did the menstrual irregularities lead to the formation of the cyst? 3.
Is it really unnecessary to conduct a blood test? 4.
If I take medication to regulate my cycle, how long does it typically take to regulate?

Niming, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2020/01/19

Dr. Huang Yuande reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

1.
Generally, cysts smaller than 5 centimeters are often "functional ovarian cysts" that usually resolve on their own; a follow-up is recommended after 6 weeks.

2.
Ovarian cysts can often be associated with hormonal imbalances, which can indeed lead to menstrual irregularities.

3.
Most of the time, no intervention is needed unless the ultrasound shows other abnormalities.

4.
Typically, it takes one to two menstrual cycles for resolution.

Reply Date: 2020/01/19

More Info

Menstrual irregularities can be a source of concern for many women, and understanding the underlying causes, such as ovarian cysts, is essential for effective management. Based on your description, it appears that you have been experiencing prolonged and frequent menstrual cycles, which led to the discovery of a 2.5 cm ovarian cyst during an ultrasound examination. Let’s address your questions one by one.

1. Will the cyst really disappear?
Yes, many ovarian cysts, particularly functional cysts, often resolve on their own without treatment. Functional cysts are typically related to the menstrual cycle and can form during ovulation. They usually disappear within a few menstrual cycles. However, since your cyst is described as a "water bubble," it may be a simple cyst, which is generally benign and also tends to resolve spontaneously. Regular follow-up ultrasounds may be recommended to monitor the cyst's size and ensure it is not growing or causing complications.

2. Is the cyst the cause of my menstrual irregularities?
Ovarian cysts can contribute to menstrual irregularities, but they are not the only factor. In your case, the cyst may be a result of hormonal imbalances that also lead to irregular bleeding. Non-functional causes of abnormal uterine bleeding can include hormonal imbalances, uterine fibroids, polyps, or other underlying conditions. It is essential to consider that the irregularities in your menstrual cycle could be due to a combination of factors, including the presence of the cyst and hormonal fluctuations.

3. Is blood testing really unnecessary?
While your doctor may have indicated that blood tests might not provide significant information in your case, it is often beneficial to check hormone levels, such as estrogen, progesterone, and thyroid hormones, to rule out other potential causes of menstrual irregularities. Additionally, a complete blood count (CBC) can help assess for anemia if there is significant bleeding. If your symptoms persist or worsen, discussing the need for blood tests with your healthcare provider may be warranted.

4. How long will it take to regulate my cycle with medication?
The duration of treatment with hormonal medications to regulate your menstrual cycle can vary based on individual circumstances. Typically, hormonal therapy, such as birth control pills, can help regulate cycles within a few months. However, the exact duration will depend on your specific situation, including the underlying cause of your irregularities and your response to treatment. Your healthcare provider will monitor your progress and adjust the treatment plan as necessary.

In conclusion, while ovarian cysts can be a contributing factor to menstrual irregularities, they are often benign and may resolve on their own. It is essential to maintain open communication with your healthcare provider regarding your symptoms and treatment options. Regular follow-ups and monitoring will help ensure that any changes in your condition are addressed promptly. If you experience severe pain, significant changes in bleeding patterns, or other concerning symptoms, do not hesitate to seek medical attention.

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