Changes in Bowel Habits and Bloating: Gastrointestinal Issues

Changes in bowel habits and abdominal bloating?

I previously did not experience constipation and had regular bowel movements.
However, after undergoing a colonoscopy in December last year (with results showing no polyps), I suddenly started having difficulty with bowel movements.
It has now been over four months, and my stools are pellet-like, requiring significant effort to pass, and I rarely have a complete bowel movement.
I visited a clinic and was prescribed medication for my appetite, but my symptoms have not improved.
Currently, I often feel bloated in my stomach, experience frequent belching, and have increased flatulence, although my appetite remains unaffected.
What could this issue be?

tsuipeite, 40~49 year old female. Ask Date: 2020/04/07

Dr. Lin Minghui reply Gastroenterology and Hepatology

Hello, the colonoscopy showed no polyps, but you have been experiencing constipation and abdominal bloating recently.
Your stools are hard and pellet-like, which is abnormal.
It is recommended to increase your fiber intake by consuming more vegetables and fruits, drink adequate water, and exercise! Abdominal bloating, belching, and flatulence are common symptoms that may be caused by gastrointestinal dysfunction.
It is advised to pay attention to your eating habits, avoid eating too quickly, and limit foods that can cause gas, such as sweets.
If there is no improvement, or if symptoms persist, or if you experience weight loss or gastrointestinal bleeding, it is recommended to follow up with outpatient examinations.
Wishing you peace and health! Sincerely, Dr.
Ming-Hui Lin, Attending Physician, Gastroenterology, Taoyuan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare.

Reply Date: 2020/04/07

More Info

Changes in bowel habits, especially when accompanied by symptoms like bloating and increased flatulence, can be indicative of various gastrointestinal issues. In your case, the transition from regular bowel movements to experiencing difficulty in passing stool, along with the presence of pellet-like stools, suggests a potential case of constipation. This condition can arise from several factors, including dietary changes, lifestyle habits, and even psychological stress.

Firstly, it’s important to consider your diet. A diet low in fiber can lead to constipation, as fiber is essential for adding bulk to the stool and promoting regular bowel movements. If your current diet lacks fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, it may be beneficial to incorporate more of these foods. Additionally, staying well-hydrated is crucial, as adequate fluid intake helps soften the stool, making it easier to pass.

The symptoms of bloating and increased flatulence you are experiencing could also be related to dietary choices. Foods that are high in carbohydrates, particularly those that are difficult to digest, can lead to gas production in the intestines. Common culprits include beans, lentils, certain vegetables (like broccoli and cabbage), and carbonated beverages. Keeping a food diary may help identify any specific foods that trigger these symptoms.

Another consideration is your bowel habits and lifestyle. If you are not engaging in regular physical activity, this can contribute to constipation. Exercise stimulates the muscles in the intestines, promoting movement and regularity. Aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate exercise most days of the week. Additionally, try to establish a routine for bowel movements, as this can help train your body to have regular bowel habits.

Psychological factors, including stress and anxiety, can also impact bowel function. Stress can lead to changes in gut motility, resulting in either constipation or diarrhea. If you feel that stress may be a contributing factor, consider incorporating relaxation techniques such as mindfulness, yoga, or deep-breathing exercises into your daily routine.

Given that you mentioned having undergone a colonoscopy with normal results, it is less likely that there are structural issues within the colon. However, if your symptoms persist despite dietary and lifestyle changes, further evaluation may be warranted. Conditions such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) could be a possibility, especially if you experience alternating symptoms of constipation and diarrhea, along with bloating and discomfort.

In summary, the changes in your bowel habits and the accompanying symptoms of bloating and increased flatulence could be attributed to a combination of dietary factors, lifestyle habits, and possibly psychological stress. It is advisable to focus on a high-fiber diet, ensure adequate hydration, engage in regular physical activity, and manage stress effectively. If symptoms persist or worsen, seeking further evaluation from a gastroenterologist would be prudent to rule out any underlying conditions and to explore appropriate treatment options.

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