Do Licorice and Sour Plums Affect Birth Control Pill Effectiveness?

Interactions between contraceptive pills and substances like licorice and preserved plums?

Hello, I would like to ask if consuming dried plums and licorice-containing snacks, such as Xian Zha tablets, during the use of pre-exposure contraceptive pills (like "Yue Ji") will affect the effectiveness of the contraceptive pills.
I previously read online that one should avoid products containing licorice while taking contraceptive pills, so I am quite concerned! Thank you.

Si Ba, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2020/04/13

Dr. Huang Shenggang reply Pharmacology

Dear Miss Spa,
Upon reviewing the package insert for the medication, it only warns that co-administration with drugs that have microsomal enzyme induction properties may result in interactions, potentially increasing the clearance rate of sex hormones and possibly leading to breakthrough bleeding and/or contraceptive failure.
There is no mention of interactions with food.
Additionally, the primary reason for avoiding products containing licorice while taking contraceptive pills is the potential for symptoms such as hypertension, edema, and hypokalemia; there is no evidence indicating that it affects the efficacy of contraceptive pills.
Thank you.

Reply Date: 2020/04/13

More Info

When it comes to the effectiveness of birth control pills, there are various factors that can influence their efficacy, including certain foods and supplements. Licorice, particularly in its concentrated forms, has been noted for its potential effects on hormone levels and could theoretically interfere with the effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives. However, the extent of this interaction is not fully understood and may depend on the amount consumed and individual metabolic responses.

Licorice contains a compound called glycyrrhizin, which can lead to increased cortisol levels and may affect the metabolism of certain hormones in the body. This could potentially alter the effectiveness of birth control pills, although significant clinical evidence directly linking licorice consumption to reduced contraceptive efficacy is limited. Most studies focus on more potent interactions, such as those involving certain antibiotics or anticonvulsants, which have been shown to have a more pronounced effect on the metabolism of contraceptive hormones.

Sour plums, on the other hand, do not have the same level of concern regarding their interaction with birth control pills. They are generally considered safe to consume while on hormonal contraceptives. However, if sour plums or any other foods contain significant amounts of licorice, it would be wise to limit their intake.

If you are consuming products that contain licorice, it is advisable to do so in moderation. The occasional consumption of licorice-flavored candies or snacks is unlikely to have a significant impact on the effectiveness of your birth control pills, especially if you are otherwise taking your pills consistently and correctly. However, if you are consuming large amounts of licorice regularly, it may be worth discussing with your healthcare provider to ensure that it does not interfere with your contraceptive method.

In summary, while there is some theoretical basis for concern regarding licorice and its potential effects on hormonal birth control, the evidence is not definitive. It is always best to consult with a healthcare professional regarding any dietary concerns while on birth control, especially if you have specific products in mind. They can provide personalized advice based on your health history and dietary habits.

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