the Role of the HPV Vaccine in Preventing Recurrence - Surgery

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Nine-valent vaccine


Hello Doctor, on March 2nd, I underwent electrosurgery to remove an unknown type of genital warts.
Despite having minimal sexual activity, I still contracted them.
I recently read that the vaccine doesn't have a significant effect on preventing recurrence, but I went ahead and got vaccinated just to be safe.
I would like to ask, since recurrence cannot be avoided, why did my doctor still recommend that I get vaccinated? Is it to enhance immunity in this area? Besides completing the vaccination and exercising, what else can I do to boost my gynecological and urological immunity? Thank you for your response, Doctor.

N, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2020/04/15

Dr. Ke Fangxu reply Surgery


Theoretically, if a person has already been infected, there is no need to receive the vaccine because, firstly, the body will produce its own antibodies.
Secondly, the virus can still enter a latent carrier state, which means there is a possibility of reactivation in the future.
Currently, many vaccines are multivalent, so receiving the vaccine may help provide protection against other variants of the human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, which could be somewhat beneficial.

Reply Date: 2020/04/15

More Info


The HPV vaccine plays a crucial role in preventing the recurrence of HPV-related diseases, including genital warts (often referred to as "cauliflower" or "condyloma") and cervical cancer. However, it is essential to understand the limitations of the vaccine, especially in the context of existing infections.

Firstly, the HPV vaccine is designed primarily for prevention rather than treatment. If someone has already been infected with a specific strain of HPV, the vaccine will not eliminate that infection or its associated lesions. The vaccine is most effective when administered before any exposure to HPV, which is why it is recommended for preteens and young adults who have not yet engaged in sexual activity. In your case, since you have already undergone a procedure to remove the warts, receiving the vaccine can still be beneficial, but it will not prevent the recurrence of warts caused by the strains you are already infected with.

Your doctor likely recommended the vaccine for several reasons. First, while the vaccine may not prevent the recurrence of existing infections, it can protect you from other HPV strains that you have not yet encountered. The nine-valent HPV vaccine (Gardasil 9) protects against nine different strains of HPV, including those that cause the majority of cervical cancers and some strains that lead to genital warts. By getting vaccinated, you are reducing your risk of future infections from these other strains, which can help prevent new outbreaks of warts or the development of cervical cancer.

Additionally, vaccination can help boost your immune response to the virus. While the vaccine does not treat existing infections, it can enhance your body's ability to fight off new infections and may help in clearing existing ones over time. This is particularly relevant because many individuals can clear HPV infections naturally due to their immune system's response. Studies have shown that a significant percentage of people can clear HPV infections within one to two years, and vaccination may support this process.

In terms of enhancing your immune system beyond vaccination and exercise, there are several lifestyle factors you can consider:
1. Nutrition: A balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins can support your immune system. Nutrients such as vitamins A, C, D, and E, along with zinc and selenium, are particularly important for immune function.

2. Hydration: Staying well-hydrated helps your body function optimally, including your immune system.

3. Sleep: Adequate sleep is crucial for a healthy immune response. Aim for 7-9 hours of quality sleep each night.

4. Stress Management: Chronic stress can weaken your immune system. Practices such as mindfulness, meditation, yoga, and deep breathing exercises can help manage stress levels.

5. Regular Check-ups: Continue to have regular gynecological exams and Pap smears as recommended by your healthcare provider. Early detection of any abnormalities can lead to timely intervention.

6. Safe Sexual Practices: Engaging in safe sex practices, including the use of condoms, can reduce the risk of transmitting HPV and other sexually transmitted infections.

In conclusion, while the HPV vaccine may not prevent the recurrence of existing infections, it is still a valuable tool in your overall health strategy. It can protect against other strains of HPV and potentially enhance your immune response. Coupled with a healthy lifestyle, regular medical check-ups, and safe sexual practices, you can significantly reduce your risk of future HPV-related issues. Always consult with your healthcare provider for personalized advice and recommendations based on your specific health situation.

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