Can I stop worrying now?
Hello Dr.
Du, I had an encounter with a sex worker in early February (I used a condom for vaginal intercourse but did not for oral sex).
Afterward, I was very worried and took an RT-PCR test on day 24 (3 weeks), which showed a result of 40 copies/ml, indicating no detection.
On the same day, I also took a fourth-generation rapid test, which was negative.
Later, on day 45 (6 weeks) and day 55 (about 8 weeks), I took an antigen/antibody combo test, both of which were negative.
On day 59 (almost 9 weeks), I took another fourth-generation rapid test, which was also negative.
Can I be certain that I have ruled out an infection? Have there been any cases in recent years where someone tested negative at 8 weeks but later tested positive? I apologize for taking up your valuable time, but I am really worried and have been unable to sleep.
I hope to get rid of this anxiety soon, so I appreciate your help.
Paul, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2020/04/17
Dr. Du Shixi reply Urology
Hello: 1) A false negative at week 8 is scientifically possible, and it certainly can occur in reality.
However, since you used a condom, transmission should not be that easy.
Wishing you good health.
Reply Date: 2020/04/17
More Info
It's understandable to feel anxious after engaging in sexual activities that carry a risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), especially when they involve unprotected oral sex. Based on the information you've provided regarding your testing and the timeline of your sexual encounters, let's break down your concerns and provide some clarity.
Firstly, you've undergone several tests, including an RT PCR test at 24 days post-exposure, which showed no detectable HIV, and multiple fourth-generation tests (Ag/Ab combo tests) at 6 weeks, 8 weeks, and nearly 9 weeks, all of which returned negative results. These tests are highly reliable, especially when conducted after the appropriate window periods. The RT PCR test is particularly sensitive and can detect HIV earlier than antibody tests, making your negative result at 24 days quite reassuring.
The Ag/Ab combo tests you took at 6 and 8 weeks are also very reliable. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) states that most people will develop detectable antibodies within 4 to 6 weeks after infection, and by 8 weeks, the vast majority of infections will be detected. Therefore, a negative result at this stage is a strong indicator that you are not infected with HIV.
Regarding your question about whether there have been cases where someone tested negative at 8 weeks and later tested positive, while it is theoretically possible, it is extremely rare. Most individuals who are going to test positive will do so within the first few weeks after exposure. The window period for HIV testing can vary, but the likelihood of a false negative result decreases significantly after the 8-week mark, especially with the tests you have taken.
It's important to note that while your HIV tests are negative, this does not rule out the possibility of other STIs, especially since you mentioned engaging in unprotected oral sex. If you have not already done so, it would be prudent to get tested for other STIs, such as gonorrhea, chlamydia, syphilis, and herpes, as these can also be transmitted through oral sex.
In terms of your emotional well-being, it's crucial to address the anxiety and stress that can accompany concerns about STIs. Many individuals experience similar feelings, and it's important to find healthy coping mechanisms. Consider speaking with a mental health professional if your anxiety continues to interfere with your daily life. Engaging in open conversations with trusted friends or support groups can also help alleviate some of the emotional burden.
In conclusion, based on the negative results from your tests conducted at appropriate intervals, it is reasonable to feel reassured about your HIV status. However, do consider testing for other STIs if you haven't already. Moving forward, practicing safer sex, including the use of condoms for all sexual activities, can significantly reduce your risk of STIs and help you feel more secure in your sexual health. If you have any lingering concerns or symptoms, don't hesitate to consult a healthcare provider for further evaluation and guidance.
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