Lattice Degeneration and High Myopia: Key Insights for Eye Health

High myopia retinal issues?

Dear Doctor,
Recently, I have been experiencing floaters and arc-shaped flashes in the corner of my eye.
After undergoing dilation for an eye examination, it was discovered that there is a slight lattice degeneration in the lower left corner of my left eye (the doctor had to press my eye to see it).
However, my retinal specialist did not recommend laser treatment for prevention, stating that according to the American Medical Association, laser treatment is only suggested for three categories of patients: those with diabetes, those with a family history of retinal detachment, and those with extremely severe degeneration.

Other aspects, such as intraocular pressure, retinal photographs, and retinal OCT, are all normal.
My myopia is -10.25 in the left eye and -9.25 in the right eye, with astigmatism of -2.25 in both eyes.
I work in ergonomics and use a computer extensively, but I pay close attention to eye care (taking a 10-minute break every 40 minutes) and regularly consume fish oil, lutein, and blueberry extract.
I have eye examinations every six months.
The retinal doctor mentioned that my high myopia may be inherited from my father (who has -6.00 myopia) and my mother, who has some issues with strabismus.
I did not have the chance to ask the doctor during my visit:
1.
Aside from PVD and stable myopia, what other conditions could lead to retinal tears?
2.
I do not fully understand why the genetic factors of strabismus would make children more prone to myopia.
3.
Due to my work, I must continuously use a computer.
If I take good care of my eyes, how long have you seen high myopia patients maintain retinal health?
Thank you for your patience in reading my concerns.

Miss Lin, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2020/08/28

Dr. Gao Pilin reply Ophthalmology

Hello Ms.
Lin,
1.
Retinal thinning can lead to an increased risk of holes.
One reason for this is lattice degeneration of the retina.
2.
Strabismus is not necessarily related to myopia.
However, high myopia can be hereditary.
3.
Some individuals remain healthy throughout their lives, while others may experience pathological changes; it varies from person to person.
Nonetheless, proper care for high myopia is essential, and we can only do our best.
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I hope to have the opportunity to serve you.
Best regards,
Gao Pilin

Reply Date: 2020/08/28

More Info

Lattice degeneration is a condition that affects the retina, particularly in individuals with high myopia (nearsightedness). It is characterized by a thinning of the retina and the formation of lattice-like patterns. This condition can be a precursor to more serious retinal issues, such as retinal tears or detachments. The distinction between lattice degeneration and lattice degeneration with a positive sign (lattice deg. (+)) typically refers to the presence of certain risk factors or complications associated with the degeneration. While both conditions indicate the presence of lattice degeneration, the latter may suggest a higher risk of retinal complications, warranting closer monitoring or intervention.

In the context of high myopia, lattice degeneration is particularly concerning because individuals with high myopia are already at an increased risk for retinal problems due to the elongation of the eyeball, which can lead to structural weaknesses in the retina. The presence of lattice degeneration can further complicate this risk, especially if there are additional factors such as a family history of retinal detachment or other ocular conditions.

Regarding your specific questions:
1. What other conditions can lead to retinal tears besides PVD and stable myopia?
Other factors that can contribute to retinal tears include trauma to the eye, significant changes in vision, or conditions like diabetic retinopathy. Additionally, high myopia itself can predispose individuals to retinal tears due to the stretching of the retina. Regular eye examinations are crucial for monitoring any changes in the retina, especially for those with high myopia.

2. How does strabismus (crossed eyes) relate to myopia?
The genetic link between strabismus and myopia is not entirely understood, but it is believed that the same genetic factors that predispose individuals to strabismus may also influence the development of myopia. Strabismus can affect how the eyes focus and align, potentially leading to visual stress that may contribute to the development of myopia in children.

3. How long can high myopia patients maintain retinal health with proper care?
The longevity of retinal health in individuals with high myopia can vary significantly based on several factors, including genetics, lifestyle, and adherence to eye care recommendations. Regular eye exams, proper management of myopia, and protective measures such as taking breaks from screen time can help maintain retinal health. Some individuals with high myopia can maintain good retinal health well into their later years, while others may experience complications earlier.
In summary, maintaining eye health in the context of high myopia and lattice degeneration involves regular monitoring by an eye care professional, understanding the risks associated with these conditions, and taking proactive steps to care for your eyes. This includes managing screen time, ensuring proper lighting while working, and adhering to a routine of eye examinations to catch any potential issues early. If you have concerns about your eye health or specific symptoms, it is always best to consult with your eye care provider for personalized advice and management strategies.

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