Recurring Genital Warts: Causes and Treatment Options

Cauliflower recurrence

Hello, doctor.
I have a few questions I would like to ask.

1.
A few months ago, I discovered that I had genital warts and underwent electrosurgery once (at that time, there were only one or two warts, and I thought electrosurgery was the most effective method for complete removal).
However, they have recurred since then.
I have been using Wart Remover, but they still keep coming back.
I would like to know if it is possible for these warts to completely resolve after a year or more of recurrence? (After applying the medication, they do disappear, but later I find new ones in other areas, usually around the vaginal opening, labia, or near the anus.)
2.
In the past few days, I have been applying Wart Remover to the warts near my labia (I applied it for three days, and then the doctor prescribed me a healing ointment for the recovery of the wounds).
Today is the fourth day, and I was preparing to apply the healing ointment, but I noticed a row of about seven or eight new growths on that side of the skin.
They don’t feel like pimples; they seem more like warts.
I want to ask if genital warts can also appear on that area of the skin? I am a bit worried, so I applied the healing ointment at the vaginal opening, but I also applied Wart Remover on that side.
Is there any concern with this? (Because I usually apply for three days and then take a break for four days.) However, since they are on different areas, I wanted to ask the doctor.

Niming, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2020/08/28

Dr. Zhang Kunmin reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

Hello, the current treatment methods for genital warts include various options such as cryotherapy, electrocautery, topical medications, and laser therapy.
These treatments are limited to removing visible warts and do not eliminate the virus entirely, with a recurrence rate of about 20%.
It is important to follow the prescribed medication or treatment.
Generally, patients who receive appropriate treatment can effectively manage the sexually transmitted virus without causing significant harm to their bodies.
Patients can try the following methods to alleviate symptoms and avoid infecting sexual partners: 1.
Keep the genital area clean and dry.
2.
Avoid using scented soaps or bath oils to prevent irritation of the wart-affected areas.
3.
Condoms can reduce the risk of transmission, but if the infected area is located on other parts of the body, such as the scrotum, condoms may not provide protection.
4.
It is recommended for regular female partners to undergo cervical cancer screenings to mitigate severe complications.
5.
Maintain a healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet, regular exercise, and boosting immunity, which can reduce the chances of recurrence.
6.
The prognosis for genital warts is generally good, but the recurrence rate is relatively high.
7.
There is currently a vaccine for prevention, but it cannot be used for treatment.
8.
With combined treatment and healthy behaviors, there is a possibility for the virus to clear, which should be assessed by a physician.
Different areas can be treated with topical medications at different times.
Thank you! Wishing you peace and health.
Dr.
Zhang

Reply Date: 2020/08/28

More Info

Understanding recurring genital warts, medically known as condylomata acuminata, is essential for effective management and treatment. These warts are caused primarily by certain strains of the human papillomavirus (HPV), particularly types 6 and 11, which are considered low-risk for cancer but can lead to significant discomfort and cosmetic concerns.

Causes of Recurring Genital Warts
Genital warts are typically transmitted through skin-to-skin contact during sexual activity. Once a person is infected with HPV, the virus can remain dormant in the body for an extended period, sometimes years, before symptoms appear. The immune system plays a crucial role in controlling the virus; however, if the immune response is weakened or if the individual is under stress, the virus can reactivate, leading to the recurrence of warts.

Treatment Options
1. Destructive Treatments: These include methods like cryotherapy (freezing the warts), electrosurgery (burning the warts), and laser therapy. While these methods can effectively remove visible warts, they do not eliminate the underlying virus, which means that warts can recur.

2. Topical Treatments: Medications such as imiquimod (Aldara) and podofilox (Condylox) are commonly used. These treatments stimulate the immune system to fight the virus or directly destroy the wart tissue. Your mention of using "汰疣凝" (likely referring to a topical wart treatment) aligns with this approach. However, consistent application is necessary, and it may take several weeks to see results.

3. Surgical Options: In cases where warts are extensive or resistant to other treatments, surgical removal may be necessary. This can be done under local anesthesia and can provide a more definitive solution, although recurrence is still possible.

Recurrence and Management
Regarding your concern about the recurrence of warts, it is not uncommon for genital warts to return after treatment. The duration of time for complete resolution can vary significantly among individuals. Some may experience a recurrence within months, while others may have a longer period before warts reappear. It is essential to maintain regular follow-ups with your healthcare provider to monitor the condition and adjust treatment as necessary.

New Growths and Skin Concerns
You mentioned discovering new growths that resemble warts in the area near your labia. It is crucial to have any new or changing lesions evaluated by a healthcare professional. While it is possible for warts to appear in new locations, other conditions can also cause similar lesions, including other types of infections or skin conditions.
Using different topical treatments on various areas of the skin is generally acceptable, but it is essential to follow the instructions provided by your healthcare provider. If you are using a healing ointment on one area and a wart treatment on another, ensure that they do not interact negatively. If you experience any irritation or worsening of the condition, consult your doctor.

Conclusion
In summary, managing recurring genital warts involves a combination of treatment options and ongoing monitoring. While complete eradication of the virus is challenging, effective management can significantly reduce the frequency and severity of outbreaks. Regular communication with your healthcare provider is vital for adjusting treatment plans and addressing any new concerns. If you have any further questions or notice any changes, do not hesitate to reach out to your healthcare provider for personalized advice and care.

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