Painful Nodules Under Male Nipples: Causes and Concerns - Oncology

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Painful nodules under the nipples in males can be concerning and may arise from various causes. Given your description of a one-centimeter protruding mass under your right nipple that is painful when pressed, it is essential to consider several potential explanations.

One common cause of such nodules is gynecomastia, which is the enlargement of breast tissue in males. This condition can occur due to hormonal imbalances, particularly an increase in estrogen or a decrease in testosterone. Gynecomastia can present as a firm, rubbery mass beneath the nipple, and it may be tender or painful. It is often seen during puberty, but it can occur at any age due to factors such as hormonal changes, certain medications, or underlying health conditions.

Another possibility is the presence of a lipoma, which is a benign tumor made of fat tissue. Lipomas are usually soft, movable, and painless, but they can sometimes become tender if they press against surrounding tissues or nerves.
Infections or inflammatory conditions can also lead to painful nodules. For instance, a condition known as mastitis, although more common in females, can occur in males as well. This condition involves inflammation of the breast tissue, often due to infection, and can cause swelling, redness, and pain.

Additionally, cysts can form in the breast tissue, which may present as a lump that can be painful or tender. These fluid-filled sacs can develop due to various reasons, including hormonal changes.

In some cases, more serious conditions, such as tumors (benign or malignant), can present as lumps under the nipple. While the likelihood of a malignant tumor in a 20-year-old male is relatively low, it is still a possibility that should not be overlooked, especially if the lump is hard, immovable, or has changed in size or shape.

Given your symptoms, it is crucial to seek medical evaluation. A healthcare provider can perform a physical examination and may recommend imaging studies, such as an ultrasound, to better understand the nature of the nodule. Depending on the findings, further tests or referrals to specialists may be necessary.

It is also important to discuss any other symptoms you may be experiencing, such as changes in breast tissue, discharge from the nipple, or any systemic symptoms like weight loss or fatigue. These details can help your healthcare provider make a more accurate diagnosis.

In summary, while there are several potential causes for the painful nodule under your nipple, including gynecomastia, lipoma, infections, or cysts, it is essential to consult a healthcare professional for a thorough evaluation and appropriate management. Early diagnosis and treatment can help alleviate symptoms and address any underlying conditions effectively.