Concerns About Pregnancy and Side Effects of Emergency Contraceptive Pills

Emergency contraceptive pill

Hello Doctor, I took the emergency contraceptive pill (Ella) for the first time last month, and my period was from November 15 to November 22.
I started the second pack of pills on November 19.
I had sexual intercourse on November 20; the first time I used a condom, but the second time I did not, although there was no ejaculation.
On November 21 and 22, there was penetration, but no ejaculation occurred.
I would like to know if there is a risk of pregnancy in this situation.
Additionally, I have been experiencing breast tenderness and discharge since the 10th day of taking the emergency contraceptive pill.
Are these symptoms side effects of the medication? Thank you for your response, Doctor.

Niming, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2020/12/07

Dr. Huang Zifei reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

Dear Anonymous,
If you have been taking the contraceptive pill as directed, the likelihood of pregnancy is very low.
However, for issues such as breast tenderness and discharge, it is still advisable to consult with a gynecologist for an examination.
If you are concerned about the effects of the medication, you may also consider switching to a different type of contraceptive pill.

Dr.
Huang Tzu-Fei, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nantou Hospital

Reply Date: 2020/12/07

More Info

When it comes to concerns about pregnancy and the side effects of emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs), it's important to understand both the efficacy of these medications and the potential side effects that can occur.
Emergency contraceptive pills, such as Ella (ulipristal acetate) or Plan B (levonorgestrel), are designed to prevent pregnancy after unprotected intercourse or contraceptive failure. They work primarily by delaying ovulation, which means that if you take them before ovulation occurs, they can effectively prevent the sperm from fertilizing an egg. However, if ovulation has already occurred, ECPs may not be effective.

In your case, you mentioned that you took the emergency contraceptive pill after having unprotected intercourse. Since you took the pill within a few days of the sexual encounter, there is a good chance that it will prevent pregnancy. However, it is important to note that no contraceptive method is 100% effective, and there is still a small risk of pregnancy.

Regarding the symptoms you are experiencing, such as breast tenderness and increased vaginal discharge, these can indeed be side effects of taking hormonal contraceptives, including emergency contraceptive pills. Hormonal changes caused by the medication can lead to various side effects, including:
1. Breast Tenderness: This is a common side effect due to hormonal fluctuations. The hormones in the pill can cause your breasts to feel fuller or more sensitive.

2. Changes in Vaginal Discharge: Hormonal contraceptives can alter the consistency and amount of vaginal discharge. Some women may experience increased discharge, while others may notice a decrease.

3. Nausea: Some women may feel nauseous after taking ECPs, although this is usually temporary.

4. Menstrual Changes: ECPs can also affect your menstrual cycle, leading to changes in the timing or flow of your next period.

It's important to monitor your symptoms. If your period is delayed by more than a week after your expected date, it would be advisable to take a pregnancy test to confirm whether or not you are pregnant.
If you continue to experience significant discomfort or if you have any concerns about your symptoms, it would be wise to consult with your healthcare provider. They can provide personalized advice and determine if any further evaluation or treatment is necessary.

In summary, while the risk of pregnancy exists, taking emergency contraceptive pills shortly after unprotected intercourse significantly reduces that risk. The side effects you are experiencing are likely related to the hormonal changes induced by the medication. Always feel free to reach out to your healthcare provider for any concerns regarding your reproductive health and the use of contraceptives.

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