Diverticula: Risks, Management, and Colonoscopy Frequency

Issues related to colonoscopy?

Hello Doctor, I had my first colonoscopy last week, and the results were normal with no polyps.
However, I was found to have internal hemorrhoids and diverticula.
This was my first time hearing about diverticula, so I asked the doctor who performed the colonoscopy, and he said that some people have them and there's no need to worry, just avoid constipation and eat more fiber-rich vegetables.
He also mentioned that no follow-up is necessary.
After researching online, I found similar information.
I would like to ask if diverticula are considered a benign condition? Do they increase the risk of cancer? I noticed that many people online seem to coexist peacefully with diverticula; is that true? Additionally, how often should a colonoscopy be performed? I've seen recommendations ranging from every five years to every two or three years, and some even do it annually.
Thank you, Doctor.

Ke Er, 30~39 year old female. Ask Date: 2021/01/27

Dr. Lin Minghui reply Gastroenterology and Hepatology

Hello, the diverticula in the colon are benign conditions.
Diverticula are pouch-like structures that form when the intestinal wall weakens and bulges outward for various reasons.
During a colonoscopy, these appear as small indentations on the intestinal wall.
The causes can be congenital or acquired.
Generally, diverticula are benign; however, a minority of individuals may experience complications such as diverticular bleeding, diverticulitis, diverticular abscess, perforation, fistulas, bowel obstruction, and peritonitis.
The formation of diverticula is associated with increased intra-abdominal pressure.
Long-term constipation, straining during bowel movements, poor peristalsis, and weakened intestinal walls can lead to the development of diverticula.
It is recommended to consume a high-fiber diet and adequate fluids, establish good bowel habits, maintain a healthy gut microbiome, and promote proper intestinal motility.
By doing so, fecal matter will not accumulate in the diverticula, thereby reducing the risk of complications.
Wishing you peace and health.
Sincerely, Dr.
Ming-Hui Lin, Attending Physician, Department of Gastroenterology, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare.

Reply Date: 2021/01/27

More Info

Diverticula are small pouches that can form in the walls of the colon, a condition known as diverticulosis. This condition is quite common, especially in older adults, and is generally considered benign. The presence of diverticula itself does not typically increase the risk of colorectal cancer. However, it is essential to understand the implications of having diverticula and how to manage them effectively.

Understanding Diverticula
Diverticula form when weak spots in the colon wall bulge outwards, often due to increased pressure within the colon. Factors that contribute to this condition include a low-fiber diet, which can lead to constipation and increased straining during bowel movements. As you mentioned, your doctor advised you to maintain a high-fiber diet to prevent constipation, which is indeed a crucial aspect of managing diverticulosis. A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can help keep your bowel movements regular and reduce the pressure on the colon walls.

Risks Associated with Diverticula
While diverticulosis itself is generally harmless, complications can arise, such as diverticulitis, which is the inflammation or infection of the diverticula. Symptoms of diverticulitis can include abdominal pain, fever, and changes in bowel habits. If diverticulitis occurs, it may require medical treatment, including antibiotics or, in severe cases, surgery.
Regarding cancer risk, studies have shown that diverticulosis does not significantly increase the risk of colorectal cancer. However, it is essential to differentiate between diverticulosis and other conditions that may present similarly. Regular screening, such as colonoscopy, is crucial for early detection of colorectal cancer, especially if you have risk factors like a family history of the disease.

Colonoscopy Frequency
The frequency of colonoscopy depends on various factors, including your age, family history, and any previous findings during colonoscopy. For individuals with a normal colonoscopy and no significant risk factors, guidelines generally recommend screening every 10 years starting at age 45. However, if you have a family history of colorectal cancer or other risk factors, your doctor may recommend more frequent screenings, such as every 5 years or even annually in some cases.

In your situation, since your first colonoscopy was normal and you have diverticula without any complications, your doctor’s advice to not worry excessively and to maintain a high-fiber diet is sound. It is also essential to stay vigilant about any changes in your bowel habits or symptoms, as these could warrant further investigation.

Conclusion
In summary, diverticula are generally benign and do not inherently increase cancer risk. Maintaining a high-fiber diet and regular check-ups with your healthcare provider are key to managing this condition. As for colonoscopy frequency, it is best to follow your doctor's recommendations based on your individual health profile. If you have any concerns or experience new symptoms, do not hesitate to reach out to your healthcare provider for further evaluation.

Similar Q&A

Understanding Diverticulosis: Is It Common for Everyone?

Are diverticula present in everyone, or not? Thank you.

Dr. Chen Qifeng reply Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Hello: Diverticular disease of the colon is not present in everyone; it can be either solitary or multiple. The most common complications are diverticulitis or bleeding. Diverticulitis presents with abdominal pain and fever, while diverticular bleeding may result in hematochezia....

Understanding Gastrointestinal Issues: Insights on Endoscopy and Treatment Options

Hello, Doctor. My mother recently visited a physician due to a sensation of a foreign body in her throat (approximately below the Adam's apple). The doctor diagnosed her with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), prescribed medication, and scheduled a follow-up endoscopy. ...

Dr. Cai Anshun reply Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Hello: I'm not quite sure what "colonic angulation" refers to. Is it related to adhesions or difficulties in performing a colonoscopy? I suggest asking for clarification during your next appointment. Changing dietary habits is a priority; it's important to eat...

Understanding CT Scheduling Challenges in Gastroenterology Care

Hello Dr. Chen, I previously consulted you regarding the issue of white spots in the intestines, and it has been confirmed that they are indeed hemostatic clips. Additionally, after undergoing a colonoscopy, diverticula were found in the sigmoid colon, and due to intestinal comp...

Dr. Chen Shidian reply Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Please discuss with the attending physician.

Understanding Diverticulosis and Diverticulitis: Dietary Treatment Differences

What is diverticulosis and diverticulitis? What are the differences in dietary treatment for the two conditions?

Dr. Cai Xiuwen reply Nutrition
Hello! Diverticular disease is a quite common condition, with an increasing prevalence as age advances. Diverticulosis is characterized by abnormal thickening of the colonic muscle, leading to narrowing of the lumen and increased luminal pressure, often due to aging or straining ...