Managing Mediterranean Anemia: Dizziness and Fainting During Menstruation

Mediterranean anemia can cause dizziness and fainting during menstruation?

Hello, I have been diagnosed with hereditary Mediterranean anemia, and I experience heavy menstrual bleeding each month, often leading to dizziness, instability, and even fainting.
I previously consulted a gynecologist, and both my menstrual cycle and uterus were found to be normal.
Could this be related to my anemia? My family suggests taking iron supplements, but Mediterranean anemia does not necessarily indicate iron deficiency, right? My daily routine is generally fine, but these symptoms only occur during my menstrual period.
Should I only consider iron supplementation during my menstrual cycle?

Ke Xin, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2021/03/07

Dr. He Dongjin reply Cardiology

Hello, I originally have Mediterranean anemia due to genetic factors, which already causes insufficient hemoglobin levels.
With heavy menstrual bleeding, my anemia worsens and becomes even more inadequate, leading to discomfort.
Iron supplementation is ineffective for Mediterranean anemia, but it can help with iron deficiency caused by menstrual bleeding.
It is still necessary to supplement iron during the menstrual period.
Peace of mind from Changhua Hospital cares for you.

Reply Date: 2021/03/07

More Info

Managing Mediterranean Anemia: Dizziness and Fainting During Menstruation
Hello! It sounds like you're dealing with a challenging situation regarding your Mediterranean anemia, especially during your menstrual periods. Mediterranean anemia, also known as thalassemia, is a genetic blood disorder characterized by reduced production of hemoglobin, which can lead to anemia. This condition can indeed cause symptoms such as dizziness, fainting, and fatigue, particularly during menstruation when blood loss can exacerbate the existing anemia.

Your experience of heavy menstrual bleeding (menorrhagia) can significantly contribute to your symptoms. While thalassemia itself is not typically associated with iron deficiency, the combination of heavy menstrual bleeding and pre-existing anemia can lead to a situation where your body may not be able to compensate for the blood loss effectively. This can result in further drops in hemoglobin levels, leading to increased dizziness and fainting spells.

It's important to clarify that while thalassemia is not primarily caused by iron deficiency, some patients may still benefit from iron supplementation, especially if they are experiencing significant blood loss. However, excessive iron can be harmful, particularly for individuals with thalassemia, as their bodies may not be able to excrete the excess iron effectively. Therefore, it is crucial to have your iron levels checked through blood tests before starting any iron supplements.
In terms of managing your symptoms during menstruation, here are some recommendations:
1. Consult a Hematologist: Since you have a genetic condition, it would be beneficial to consult a hematologist who specializes in blood disorders. They can provide tailored advice and management strategies specific to your condition.

2. Monitor Your Menstrual Cycle: Keeping a record of your menstrual cycle, including the duration and amount of bleeding, can help your healthcare provider assess your situation better. If your periods are consistently heavy, further evaluation may be necessary.

3. Dietary Considerations: Focus on a balanced diet that includes foods rich in folate, vitamin B12, and vitamin C, which can help improve your overall blood health. Foods such as leafy greens, legumes, nuts, and fortified cereals can be beneficial.
4. Hydration: Staying well-hydrated is essential, especially during your menstrual period. Dehydration can worsen feelings of dizziness and faintness.

5. Iron Supplementation: If your healthcare provider determines that you have low iron levels, they may recommend iron supplements. However, this should be done under medical supervision to avoid complications from excess iron.

6. Rest and Self-Care: During your menstrual period, ensure you get adequate rest. If you feel faint or dizzy, it’s important to sit or lie down until the feeling passes.
7. Medication: In some cases, hormonal treatments may be recommended to help manage heavy menstrual bleeding. This could include birth control pills or other hormonal therapies that can help regulate your cycle and reduce blood loss.

8. Regular Check-ups: Regular follow-ups with your healthcare provider are essential to monitor your hemoglobin levels and overall health. They can adjust your treatment plan as necessary based on your symptoms and lab results.

In summary, while your symptoms during menstruation may be related to your Mediterranean anemia, it is crucial to have a comprehensive evaluation to rule out other potential causes of heavy bleeding and to determine the best course of action. Always consult with your healthcare provider before making any changes to your treatment or starting new supplements. Your health and well-being are paramount, and a tailored approach will help you manage your symptoms effectively.

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