Concerns About Egg Freezing and Breast Cancer Risk in Women

The issue of egg freezing?

Hello Dr.
Tsao: I read an article stating that breast cancer patients undergoing assisted reproductive technology should control the dosage of ovulation induction medications and keep estrogen levels relatively low to prevent recurrence of breast cancer.
My mother and aunt have had breast cancer, and there is a breast cancer gene in my family.
I underwent a normal egg freezing procedure without controlling for lower estrogen levels.
Am I at risk of inducing breast cancer? I am very concerned.
Thank you for your response.

c, 30~39 year old female. Ask Date: 2021/04/28

Dr. Cao Guotao reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

Hello, it's generally not a concern, so don't worry.
Wishing you good health.

Reply Date: 2021/04/28

More Info

When it comes to concerns about egg freezing and breast cancer risk, especially for women with a family history of breast cancer, it is essential to understand the relationship between hormonal treatments used in assisted reproductive technologies (ART) and breast cancer risk.

Firstly, it is important to note that the use of hormonal medications during egg freezing procedures typically involves the administration of gonadotropins, which stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs. These medications can lead to increased estrogen levels temporarily, but the overall risk of developing breast cancer as a result of these treatments remains a topic of ongoing research. Current evidence suggests that the use of fertility medications does not significantly increase the risk of breast cancer in women, even among those with a family history of the disease.

For women with a known family history of breast cancer, such as having a mother or aunt diagnosed with the disease, there are specific considerations. Genetic predispositions, such as mutations in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes, can significantly increase the risk of breast and ovarian cancers. Women with these mutations are often advised to take extra precautions when considering fertility treatments. However, the hormonal stimulation involved in egg freezing does not appear to exacerbate this risk.

In your case, you mentioned that you underwent a normal egg freezing protocol without specifically controlling estrogen levels. While it is understandable to be concerned about the potential implications of elevated estrogen levels, it is crucial to remember that the short-term increase in estrogen due to fertility medications is not equivalent to the long-term exposure associated with breast cancer risk. The key is to ensure that you are monitored closely by a healthcare provider who understands your family history and can tailor your treatment accordingly.

If you have concerns about your specific situation, it may be beneficial to consult with a reproductive endocrinologist or a genetic counselor. They can provide personalized advice based on your family history and any genetic testing results you may have. Regular breast screenings, such as mammograms and clinical breast exams, are also essential for early detection, especially for women at higher risk.

In summary, while it is natural to worry about the implications of egg freezing and hormonal treatments on breast cancer risk, current evidence does not support a significant increase in risk due to these procedures. It is vital to maintain open communication with your healthcare providers and to follow recommended screening guidelines to ensure your health and peace of mind.

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