Post-Core Needle Biopsy: Is Swelling Normal? - Surgery

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After undergoing a core needle biopsy, it is not uncommon to experience some degree of swelling and discomfort in the area where the procedure was performed. The fact that your biopsy results indicated a benign fibrocystic lesion is reassuring, but it is important to understand the typical healing process and what symptoms may arise post-procedure.

Swelling can occur for several reasons. First, the biopsy itself can cause localized trauma to the tissue, leading to inflammation. This inflammation is a natural part of the healing process and can manifest as swelling, tenderness, and even a palpable lump at the biopsy site. The body responds to the injury by sending blood and immune cells to the area, which can result in temporary swelling.

In your case, the swelling and the feeling of a lump near the biopsy site, especially if it is localized to the area of the biopsy, may be due to a combination of factors including:
1. Inflammation: As mentioned, the body’s inflammatory response can lead to swelling. This is usually temporary and should gradually subside over time.

2. Hematoma Formation: Although you mentioned that there is no visible bleeding, a small hematoma (a localized collection of blood outside of blood vessels) can form beneath the skin, which may not be immediately apparent. This can also contribute to a feeling of swelling or a lump.

3. Cyst Formation: Given that your biopsy revealed a fibrocystic lesion, it is possible that the area may still be undergoing changes related to the cystic nature of the tissue. Sometimes, cysts can become more prominent or may fluctuate in size during the healing process.

4. Scar Tissue: As the biopsy site heals, scar tissue can form, which may feel different from the surrounding tissue and can sometimes be mistaken for a lump.

While some swelling and discomfort can be normal, it is essential to monitor your symptoms. Here are some signs that would warrant further evaluation by your healthcare provider:
- Persistent or Increasing Swelling: If the swelling does not begin to decrease after a few weeks or continues to increase, it may require further investigation.

- Pain: If you experience significant pain that is not relieved by over-the-counter pain medications, this could indicate a complication.

- Changes in the Lump: If the lump becomes hard, grows in size, or changes in character, it should be assessed.

- Signs of Infection: Symptoms such as redness, warmth, fever, or discharge from the biopsy site could indicate an infection, which would require prompt medical attention.

In conclusion, while some swelling and a palpable lump can be normal after a core needle biopsy, it is crucial to stay vigilant and consult your healthcare provider if your symptoms persist or worsen. They may recommend an ultrasound or further imaging to ensure that everything is healing appropriately and to rule out any complications. Always prioritize open communication with your healthcare team regarding any concerns you may have during your recovery.