Double Vision: Causes and Connections to Blood Disorders

Q: Double Vision: Causes and Connections to Blood Disorders

Hello, Ah Zhan： For individuals with poor vision, squinting can make things clearer, which makes it difficult to determine the underlying cause. <br>It could be astigmatism, so an eye examination is recommended. <br>Regarding double vision, we need to differentiate whether it is

Blurred vision issues?

Following up on #170210, I would like to add that I see double images, and occasionally three images (with actual objects having afterimages both above and below, usually occurring at night).
Recently, even after resting, it doesn't necessarily improve; I need to sleep to recover, but using my eyes causes double vision.
I’ve also become increasingly accustomed to squinting because "squinting does not cause double vision." I would like to ask, I have leukemia, and there is a family history of diabetes.
Is there a connection between diabetes and leukemia?

A-Zhan, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2021/07/05

Dr. Gao Pilin reply Ophthalmology

Hello, Ah Zhan: For individuals with poor vision, squinting can make things clearer, which makes it difficult to determine the underlying cause.
It could be astigmatism, so an eye examination is recommended.
Regarding double vision, we need to differentiate whether it is monocular diplopia or binocular diplopia.
Monocular diplopia may be related to refractive issues, while binocular diplopia is associated with strabismus.
As for any connection to diabetes or leukemia, I suspect it is not significantly related.
I suggest you visit an ophthalmologist for a thorough examination.
Best, Gao Pilin.

Reply Date: 2021/07/05

More Info

Double vision, or diplopia, can be a perplexing and distressing condition, particularly when it is associated with underlying health issues such as blood disorders. In your case, the presence of leukemia and a family history of diabetes raises important considerations regarding the potential connections between these conditions and your visual symptoms.

Understanding Double Vision
Double vision occurs when the eyes do not properly align, leading to the perception of two images of a single object. This misalignment can result from various factors, including:
1. Muscle Imbalance: The extraocular muscles control eye movement. If one muscle is weaker or stronger than its counterpart, it can lead to misalignment and double vision. Conditions such as thyroid eye disease or myasthenia gravis can cause such imbalances.

2. Neurological Issues: The brain processes visual information from both eyes. Any disruption in the pathways that transmit this information can result in diplopia. Conditions such as stroke, multiple sclerosis, or even tumors can affect these pathways.

3. Refractive Errors: Sometimes, uncorrected refractive errors (like astigmatism) can lead to visual distortions, especially in low-light conditions.

4. Corneal or Lens Issues: Problems with the cornea (like keratoconus) or lens (such as cataracts) can also cause visual distortions.

Connection to Blood Disorders
In your case, having leukemia may contribute to your visual symptoms in several ways:
1. Anemia: Leukemia can lead to anemia, which may cause fatigue and affect overall health, potentially impacting vision indirectly.

2. Infection: Patients with leukemia are at a higher risk for infections, which can affect the eyes and lead to conditions that cause double vision.

3. Neurological Complications: Leukemia can sometimes lead to complications that affect the central nervous system, potentially resulting in diplopia.

4. Medications: Treatments for leukemia, such as chemotherapy, can have side effects that impact vision. Some medications can cause ocular side effects, including blurred vision or double vision.

Diabetes and Its Impact
Your family history of diabetes is also significant. Diabetes can lead to several ocular complications, including:
1. Diabetic Retinopathy: This condition affects the blood vessels in the retina and can lead to vision problems, including double vision.

2. Cataracts: Individuals with diabetes are at a higher risk for developing cataracts, which can cause visual distortions.

3. Nerve Damage: Diabetes can lead to diabetic neuropathy, which may affect the cranial nerves responsible for eye movement, potentially resulting in double vision.

Recommendations
Given your symptoms and medical history, it is crucial to consult with a healthcare professional, particularly an ophthalmologist or a neurologist. Here are some steps you can take:
1. Comprehensive Eye Examination: A thorough eye exam can help determine the cause of your double vision. This may include tests for muscle function, refraction, and imaging studies if necessary.

2. Neurological Evaluation: If the eye exam does not reveal a clear cause, a neurological evaluation may be warranted to assess for any underlying conditions affecting the brain or nerves.

3. Management of Blood Disorders: Ensure that your leukemia is being managed effectively, as uncontrolled blood disorders can exacerbate other health issues.

4. Monitor Blood Sugar Levels: If you have diabetes or are at risk, maintaining stable blood sugar levels is essential to prevent complications.

5. Avoid Squinting: While squinting may temporarily alleviate double vision, it can lead to eye strain and discomfort. Instead, seek appropriate corrective measures.

Conclusion
Double vision can be multifactorial, especially in the context of blood disorders like leukemia and diabetes. Understanding the connections between these conditions and your visual symptoms is essential for effective management. Regular follow-ups with your healthcare providers will ensure that any changes in your condition are promptly addressed, leading to better outcomes for your visual health.

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