Eye Degeneration: Symptoms and Solutions for Myopia

Ocular degeneration

I have been experiencing floaters in my eyes for some time, and I have high myopia with mild astigmatism, approximately 600-700 degrees.
My eyes are often dry, so I cannot wear contact lenses for long periods; I only wear them when necessary, and most of the time, I wear glasses.
My work requires me to use a computer and mobile devices for extended periods.
Due to changes in my vision, I went to get new glasses, thinking my myopia had worsened, but the optometrist said my prescription had not changed significantly.
They suggested that I dim the screen and take regular breaks, looking at distant objects whenever possible, and maintaining a certain distance from electronic devices.

Previously, I was concerned and went to a large hospital for an examination to rule out glaucoma, and I was advised to return for a check-up once a year.
However, this year, I started having difficulty seeing the text on the television, even at a short distance, despite wearing glasses.
Indoors or in dim lighting, my vision becomes blurry, making it hard to focus on distant objects or people approaching.
Especially at night, even when I look up at the stars, everything appears hazy.
During the day, as long as it’s sunny, I can see clearly at a considerable distance.
Additionally, whenever I look at bright windows or my phone screen, I notice a residual brightness when I close my eyes, which takes a while to fade.

I am unsure if I might be showing signs of cataracts or macular degeneration.
I would like to understand my condition better so that when I go for my follow-up appointment, I can effectively communicate my situation to the doctor in a shorter consultation time.
Is there any way to restore my vision to just simple myopia? At my age, I feel like my eyesight is deteriorating, and sometimes I feel a bit depressed about it, fearing that I may no longer see the clear sky and beautiful scenery.

YC, 30~39 year old female. Ask Date: 2021/07/30

Dr. He Jianxian reply Ophthalmology

Based on your description, you are likely experiencing some early signs of presbyopia, which is related to your prolonged use of computers and electronic devices.
Regarding your vision significantly deteriorating in low-light conditions, this is likely due to pupil dilation in dim lighting.
A larger pupil allows more light to enter, but the pinhole effect causes greater light interference compared to a smaller pupil.
This is a situation that everyone encounters.
Dr.
He Jianxian, Department of Ophthalmology, Nantou Hospital.

Reply Date: 2021/07/30

More Info

Understanding eye degeneration, particularly in the context of myopia, is crucial for maintaining eye health and addressing concerns about vision changes. Your situation, characterized by high myopia (600-700 degrees) and symptoms such as floaters and dry eyes, is not uncommon, especially among individuals who spend extended periods using digital devices.

Symptoms of Eye Degeneration
1. Floaters: These are small spots or threads that drift through your field of vision. They are often more noticeable when looking at a plain background, like a blue sky or a white wall. While floaters are generally harmless, a sudden increase in their number can indicate a more serious issue, such as retinal detachment.

2. Dry Eyes: This condition can be exacerbated by prolonged screen time, leading to discomfort and difficulty wearing contact lenses. The use of artificial tears can help alleviate symptoms.

3. Blurred Vision: Difficulty focusing on objects, especially in low light, can be a sign of various conditions, including cataracts or changes in the retina. The fact that you notice this more at night or in dim lighting is significant and should be discussed with your eye care provider.

4. Light Sensitivity and Glare: Experiencing halos or glare around lights, particularly at night, can be indicative of cataracts or other refractive issues.

Potential Causes of Your Symptoms
Given your description, there are a few potential causes for your symptoms:
- Cataracts: These are clouding of the lens in the eye, which can lead to blurred vision, especially in low light. They are common in older adults but can occur in younger individuals, particularly those with high myopia.

- Macular Degeneration: This condition affects the central part of the retina (the macula) and can lead to vision loss. Symptoms include blurred or distorted vision, particularly when trying to focus on fine details.

- Myopic Degeneration: High myopia can lead to degenerative changes in the retina, including thinning and potential retinal detachment. Regular monitoring is essential to catch any changes early.

Recommendations for Management
1. Regular Eye Exams: Since you have a history of high myopia, it’s crucial to have regular check-ups with your eye care professional. They can monitor for any changes in your retina or lens and provide timely interventions if necessary.

2. Screen Time Management: Follow the 20-20-20 rule: every 20 minutes, take a 20-second break and look at something 20 feet away. This can help reduce eye strain.

3. Proper Lighting: Ensure that your workspace is well-lit to reduce glare and strain on your eyes. Adjusting the brightness of your screens can also help.

4. Hydration and Eye Drops: Stay hydrated and consider using preservative-free artificial tears to alleviate dry eye symptoms.

5. Healthy Diet: Incorporate foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids, antioxidants, and vitamins A, C, and E, which are beneficial for eye health.

6. Discuss Concerns with Your Doctor: When you visit your eye doctor, be prepared to discuss all your symptoms in detail. Mention your concerns about cataracts or macular degeneration, as this will help them focus on the right areas during your examination.

Emotional Well-being
It’s understandable to feel anxious about your vision, especially if you have a strong emotional connection to your ability to see clearly. Consider discussing these feelings with a healthcare professional who can provide support or refer you to a counselor if needed.
In conclusion, while your symptoms warrant attention, many conditions related to eye degeneration can be managed effectively with regular monitoring and appropriate care. Stay proactive about your eye health, and don’t hesitate to seek help when needed.

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