Sun Exposure Causes Allergic Swelling: Symptoms and Remedies

Excessive sun exposure can lead to allergic edema?

Two days ago, I attended an event where the sun was very strong, and I did not take proper sun protection or wear a hat.
After returning home, I only applied aloe vera and went to sleep.
The next morning, I woke up to find that my entire face was swollen except for the areas covered by my mask; my forehead was swollen, and my eyes were even more swollen, making it almost impossible to open them fully.
However, there was no itching or pain.
After noticing this, I continuously applied ice packs and massaged the area, but there was little effect.
Today, I visited a clinic, and the doctor was shocked upon seeing me.
He said that the severe sun exposure caused an allergic reaction leading to edema, but the prescription noted the symptoms as pruritus.
After prescribing medication, the doctor also administered a corticosteroid injection to reduce swelling.
After taking the medication, I immediately applied ice again, but half a day has passed, and there has been no change; I am still swollen.
I have already taken a day off from school, and I would like to know the main cause of my symptoms.
Should I continue to take time off and rest, or are there other methods to reduce the swelling quickly? Thank you!

Zihan, 10~19 year old female. Ask Date: 2021/09/06

Dr. Wu Yuxin reply Dermatology

Without actually seeing the lesion, it is impossible to determine the issue.
If it is causing you significant distress, please seek medical attention promptly.
A proper examination is necessary to understand the problem and provide you with appropriate advice.

Reply Date: 2021/09/06

More Info

Sun exposure can lead to various skin reactions, including allergic swelling, which seems to be what you are experiencing. When the skin is exposed to excessive sunlight without adequate protection, it can trigger an inflammatory response, leading to symptoms such as swelling, redness, and in some cases, itching or pain. In your situation, the swelling you described on your face, particularly around the forehead and eyes, is likely due to a combination of sunburn and an allergic reaction to the sun's rays.

The primary cause of your symptoms is likely the ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun, which can damage the skin and lead to an inflammatory response. This response can manifest as swelling (edema) due to the accumulation of fluid in the tissues. The fact that you did not experience itching or pain is somewhat atypical for sunburn, which usually involves some degree of discomfort. However, individual reactions to sun exposure can vary widely.

In terms of treatment, it is essential to continue with the measures you have already taken, such as applying ice packs to reduce swelling. Ice can help constrict blood vessels and decrease inflammation, providing some relief. Additionally, over-the-counter antihistamines may help if there is an allergic component to your swelling, as they can reduce the body's histamine response.

Since your doctor prescribed medication and administered a steroid injection to help reduce the swelling, it is crucial to follow their instructions closely. Steroids can effectively reduce inflammation and swelling, but they may take some time to show significant effects. If you find that the swelling persists or worsens, it is advisable to follow up with your healthcare provider for further evaluation.

Regarding your question about whether to take more time off from school, it would be wise to listen to your body. If you feel fatigued or uncomfortable, taking additional time to rest and recover is a good idea. Stress and exertion can exacerbate inflammation, so prioritizing rest can aid in your recovery.

In addition to the treatments you are currently using, consider the following tips to help manage and reduce swelling:
1. Stay Hydrated: Drinking plenty of water can help flush out toxins and reduce swelling.

2. Elevate Your Head: When resting, try to keep your head elevated to help reduce swelling around the eyes and face.

3. Avoid Further Sun Exposure: Until your symptoms resolve, avoid direct sunlight and wear protective clothing and sunscreen when you go outside.

4. Gentle Massage: If you feel comfortable, gentle massage around the swollen areas can help promote lymphatic drainage and reduce swelling.

Lastly, once your symptoms have improved, it is crucial to take preventive measures for future sun exposure. Always apply a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of at least 30, wear protective clothing, and seek shade when the sun is at its peak. This will help prevent similar reactions in the future.

In summary, your symptoms are likely due to an allergic reaction to sun exposure, leading to swelling. Continue with your current treatment plan, prioritize rest, and take preventive measures for future sun exposure. If your symptoms do not improve or worsen, do not hesitate to seek further medical advice.

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