Unexplained Swelling and Redness at the Corners of the Mouth

Unexplained swelling and redness at the corners of the mouth?

My mother is about 53 years old, and for the past few months, the corners of her mouth have been red and swollen.
It doesn't itch.
She has been drinking fresh juice, which sometimes helps, but other times the condition continues to reappear.
I would like to know what might be going on.
Thank you!

johanna, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2003/06/24

Dr. Cai Jueren reply Family Medicine

Angular cheilitis, referred to as "stomatitis" in Taiwanese, is characterized by redness, swelling, or ulceration at the corners of the mouth, and may sometimes lead to skin fissures.
This condition is often accompanied by pain or a burning sensation, prompting patients to seek medical attention.
The causes of angular cheilitis can be categorized into four main factors:
1.
Infection: Infection is the most common cause of angular cheilitis.
The primary pathogens are Staphylococcus aureus and Candida species.
Some studies have found that Candida can sometimes be present in large quantities on dentures, so individuals who wear dentures and experience recurrent angular cheilitis should consider thoroughly cleaning their dentures.
2.
Structural factors: In older adults, individuals with complete tooth loss, those with facial nerve paralysis, or those with ill-fitting dentures, the upper lip may lose support and overlap the lower lip.
This condition can cause the corners of the mouth to remain at an oblique angle, making it easier for saliva to accumulate and lead to inflammation.
3.
Nutritional deficiencies: Deficiencies in protein, iron, folate, vitamin B2, and vitamin B6 can also contribute to angular cheilitis.
4.
Other factors: Conditions such as excessive saliva production, atopic dermatitis, large tongues in children with Down syndrome, skin fistulas, allergies to Candida, and immunosuppression can all trigger angular cheilitis.
It is advisable for patients to work closely with their healthcare provider to identify the underlying cause, as this is essential for effectively resolving this somewhat unsightly condition.

Reply Date: 2003/06/24

More Info

Unexplained swelling and redness at the corners of the mouth can be attributed to several potential causes. Given your mother's age and the symptoms you've described, it is important to consider various factors that could contribute to this condition.

One common cause of redness and swelling at the corners of the mouth is angular cheilitis, which is an inflammatory condition that affects the corners of the lips. This condition can be caused by a variety of factors, including fungal or bacterial infections, nutritional deficiencies (particularly vitamin B2, B3, B6, and iron), and even mechanical factors such as excessive licking of the lips or drooling. In some cases, it can also be associated with underlying health issues such as diabetes or immune system disorders.

Another possibility is contact dermatitis, which can occur due to an allergic reaction to certain substances, such as cosmetics, toothpaste, or even certain foods. If your mother has recently changed any products she uses on her lips or around her mouth, this could potentially be a contributing factor.

Additionally, the consumption of certain foods or beverages, including the "生機果汁" (which translates to "living juice" or "fresh juice"), could also play a role. Some juices may contain high levels of acidity or sugar, which can irritate the skin and exacerbate existing conditions. If the juice is effective at times, it may be providing temporary relief due to its hydrating properties, but it could also be contributing to the irritation if consumed excessively.

Given that the swelling and redness are not accompanied by itching, this may suggest that it is not an allergic reaction, but rather an inflammatory response. However, it is essential to monitor the symptoms closely. If the condition persists or worsens, it would be advisable for your mother to consult a healthcare professional, such as a dermatologist or an ear, nose, and throat (ENT) specialist. They can conduct a thorough examination and possibly perform tests to determine the underlying cause of the symptoms.

In the meantime, here are some recommendations that may help alleviate the symptoms:
1. Maintain Good Oral Hygiene: Encourage your mother to practice good oral hygiene, including regular brushing and flossing, to prevent any potential infections.

2. Avoid Irritants: Identify and avoid any potential irritants, such as harsh soaps, cosmetics, or certain foods that may exacerbate the condition.

3. Use Lip Balm: Applying a gentle, fragrance-free lip balm can help keep the area moisturized and prevent further irritation.

4. Nutritional Support: Ensure that her diet is rich in essential vitamins and minerals. If there are concerns about nutritional deficiencies, a healthcare provider can recommend appropriate supplements.

5. Stay Hydrated: Drinking plenty of water can help maintain skin hydration and overall health.

In conclusion, while there are several potential causes for the swelling and redness at the corners of your mother's mouth, a thorough evaluation by a healthcare professional is crucial for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Monitoring her symptoms and making some lifestyle adjustments may provide temporary relief, but professional guidance will be essential for long-term management.

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