Inner Knee Pain and Swelling: Causes and Treatments

Medial knee pain and recurrent swelling in the popliteal region?

Hello, doctor.
I would like to ask about a situation I experienced about two weeks ago.
I felt discomfort in my right leg, so one day at work, I kept stretching my leg while sitting for a long time.
The next day, I felt pain behind my right knee, extending to the inner side of the knee.
I have been taking anti-inflammatory pain relievers and muscle relaxants, along with physical therapy.
Initially, I was walking slowly because of the swelling behind my knee, but as the swelling decreased, I was able to walk normally.
However, during the walking process, when I extend my leg forward, I feel pain below the knee.
The next day, the area from the back of my knee to above my calf became swollen and uncomfortable again.
There is a specific point from the back of my knee extending to the inner side of my knee that hurts when pressed.
I thought I was getting better, but the pain has returned.
Currently, I am limping while walking and am afraid that putting too much pressure on my right leg will cause more pain.
I would like to ask the doctor: 1.
How long will it take for this condition to improve? 2.
I feel that applying heat to the swollen area behind my knee makes the swelling sensation more pronounced.
I am unsure if heat therapy is appropriate.
3.
If I want to choose a knee brace for protection, which type should I use? (I currently have a knee brace with a circular cutout at the knee and support strips on the sides; is it suitable?) Thank you.

Ms. Li, 30~39 year old female. Ask Date: 2022/02/27

Dr. Chen Yongxue reply Orthopedics

Hello,
1.
How long will it take to recover in this situation? Please rest more.
If you start increasing activity right after showing improvement, it may lead to recurrent inflammation.
2.
I feel that applying heat to the swollen area behind the knee makes the swelling sensation more pronounced after heat application.
Is heat therapy appropriate? Yes.
3.
If I want to choose a knee brace for protection, which type should I use? (Currently, I have a knee brace with a circular cutout on the side and support strips.) Is it suitable? Yes, but rest is still recommended.

Reply Date: 2022/02/27

More Info

Understanding inner knee pain and swelling can be quite complex, as it can stem from various causes, including injuries, inflammation, or underlying medical conditions. Based on your description, it seems that your symptoms began after prolonged stretching and have since evolved into pain and swelling in the knee area, particularly around the popliteal fossa (the area behind the knee) and the inner knee.

Potential Causes of Inner Knee Pain
1. Tendonitis or Bursitis: Overuse or repetitive motion, such as the stretching you described, can lead to inflammation of the tendons (tendonitis) or the bursae (bursitis) around the knee. This inflammation can cause pain, swelling, and discomfort, especially when moving the knee.

2. Meniscus Injury: The meniscus is a cartilage structure that acts as a cushion between the femur and tibia. If you have a tear in the meniscus, it can lead to pain, swelling, and difficulty moving the knee. This is particularly relevant if you have a history of knee injuries.

3. Ligament Strain: The knee has several ligaments that can be strained or sprained due to sudden movements or overuse. This can lead to pain and instability in the knee joint.

4. Synovitis: Inflammation of the synovial membrane, which lines the knee joint, can lead to swelling and pain. This condition can be secondary to other injuries or conditions.

5. Osteoarthritis: If you have had previous knee injuries, you may be at a higher risk for developing osteoarthritis, which can cause pain, swelling, and stiffness in the knee.

Treatment Options
1. Rest and Activity Modification: It is crucial to allow your knee to rest and avoid activities that exacerbate the pain. Gradually reintroducing movement can help, but be cautious not to overdo it.

2. Ice Therapy: Applying ice to the affected area can help reduce swelling and numb the pain. It is generally recommended to ice the knee for 15-20 minutes every few hours, especially after activities that aggravate the pain.

3. Compression and Elevation: Using a compression bandage can help reduce swelling. Elevating the leg can also assist in minimizing swelling by promoting fluid drainage.

4. Physical Therapy: Engaging in physical therapy can help strengthen the muscles around the knee, improve flexibility, and restore function. A physical therapist can provide tailored exercises that suit your condition.

5. Medications: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can help alleviate pain and reduce inflammation. Muscle relaxants may also be prescribed if muscle spasms are contributing to your discomfort.

6. Knee Braces: A knee brace can provide support and stability to the knee joint. The type of brace you mentioned, with a hollow circular design and side supports, may be beneficial, but it’s best to consult with a healthcare professional to ensure it’s appropriate for your specific condition.

Addressing Your Questions
1. Recovery Time: The duration for recovery can vary significantly based on the underlying cause of your pain. Minor strains may improve within a few weeks, while more severe injuries or conditions may take longer. It’s essential to monitor your symptoms and consult with a healthcare provider for a more accurate prognosis.

2. Heat vs. Cold Therapy: While heat can help relax and soothe muscles, it may not be suitable for acute swelling, as it can exacerbate inflammation. If you notice that heat increases your swelling, it’s advisable to stick with cold therapy until the swelling subsides.

3. Choosing a Knee Brace: The brace you have may provide some support, but it’s essential to ensure it fits well and does not restrict movement excessively. Consulting with a healthcare provider or physical therapist can help you choose the most appropriate brace for your needs.

In conclusion, it’s crucial to listen to your body and seek professional medical advice if your symptoms persist or worsen. A thorough examination and possibly imaging studies may be necessary to determine the exact cause of your knee pain and guide appropriate treatment.

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