Purple Spots on the Tongue: Causes and Concerns - Dentistry

More Info

---

Hello! Thank you for your question regarding the purple or dark spots on your tongue. It’s understandable to be concerned about changes in your oral health, especially when they persist over a long period.
The appearance of purple or dark spots on the tongue can be attributed to several factors, and while it’s good that you haven’t experienced pain or significant changes in size, it’s still important to consider potential causes. Here are some possibilities:
1. Lingual Varicosities: These are dilated veins that can appear on the underside of the tongue or on the surface. They are usually harmless and more common in older adults, but they can also occur in younger individuals. They often appear as small, dark blue or purple spots.

2. Petechiae: These are tiny, round spots that can appear on the tongue due to bleeding under the skin. They can be caused by various factors, including trauma, certain infections, or conditions that affect blood clotting.

3. Geographic Tongue: This condition is characterized by irregular patches on the tongue that can sometimes appear darker or discolored. The exact cause is unknown, but it is generally harmless and does not require treatment.

4. Oral Lichen Planus: This is an inflammatory condition that can cause white patches, red spots, or even purple lesions on the tongue and inside the mouth. It is often associated with other systemic conditions and may require monitoring or treatment.

5. Fungal Infections: Conditions like oral thrush can cause discoloration on the tongue, although they typically present with white patches rather than dark spots.

6. Nutritional Deficiencies: Deficiencies in certain vitamins, particularly B vitamins, can lead to changes in the appearance of the tongue. This might not specifically cause purple spots, but it can lead to other discolorations or changes in texture.

7. Systemic Conditions: In some cases, changes in the tongue can be indicative of systemic health issues, such as autoimmune diseases or blood disorders.
Given that your purple spot has remained stable for two to three years without pain or other symptoms, it may be less likely to be a serious condition. However, it is always best to consult with a healthcare professional, preferably a dentist or an oral specialist, for a thorough examination. They can provide a definitive diagnosis and rule out any underlying issues that may require attention.

In the meantime, maintaining good oral hygiene, including regular brushing of the tongue, can help keep your mouth healthy. If you notice any changes in size, color, or if you develop any new symptoms such as pain, swelling, or difficulty swallowing, it’s important to seek medical advice promptly.

Remember, while online information can be helpful, it should not replace professional medical advice. Your health is important, and a healthcare provider can give you the most accurate information based on a physical examination and your medical history. Take care!