Sperm Production and Health: Key Questions Answered

Inquiry for clarification?

Hello Dr.
Du, I have a few questions: 1.
How long can sperm produced by the testes survive without being ejaculated before they die and are reabsorbed by the body? 2.
Does abstaining from ejaculation for three months have any effects on the body? 3.
I previously had a gonorrhea infection that has been treated; will this have any impact on sperm quality? Thank you.

Mr. Lin, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2022/06/15

Dr. Du Shixi reply Urology

Hello, Dr.
Du.
I would like to ask how long sperm can survive in the testicles without being ejaculated before they die and are reabsorbed by the body.
-- It varies from person to person; it can be a few months in the body.
If someone practices abstinence for three months, will it have any effects on the body? -- No.
I previously had a gonorrhea infection that has been treated.
Will it have any impact on sperm quality? Thank you.
-- It depends on the situation; a semen analysis can be performed.
Wishing you good health.

Reply Date: 2022/06/15

More Info

Hello! Thank you for your questions regarding sperm production and health. Let’s break down your inquiries one by one.

1. Sperm Lifespan and Absorption: Sperm production occurs in the testes, where spermatogenesis takes place. This process typically takes about 64 to 72 days to produce mature sperm. Once sperm are produced, they are stored in the epididymis, where they can remain viable for several weeks. If sperm are not ejaculated within this time frame, they do not simply die off; instead, they are reabsorbed by the body. This is a natural process that helps maintain the health of the reproductive system. In general, sperm that are not used within about two to three weeks may begin to lose motility and viability, but the body has mechanisms to recycle these cells.

2. Effects of Abstinence: Regarding abstinence, a period of three months without ejaculation can have various effects on the body. While it is generally safe for most men, prolonged abstinence can lead to a buildup of sperm in the reproductive tract, which may cause discomfort or pain in some cases. Additionally, some studies suggest that regular ejaculation may help improve sperm quality by reducing the number of damaged sperm and increasing the proportion of motile sperm. However, the impact of abstinence on overall health can vary from person to person. It is essential to listen to your body and consult a healthcare professional if you experience any discomfort or have concerns.

3. Impact of Previous Infections on Sperm Quality: You mentioned having a history of gonorrhea, which is a sexually transmitted infection (STI). If treated effectively, gonorrhea should not have a long-term impact on sperm quality. However, untreated STIs can lead to complications such as epididymitis or prostatitis, which can affect sperm production and quality. It’s crucial to have regular check-ups and screenings, especially if you have a history of STIs, to ensure that your reproductive health is not compromised. If you have any lingering concerns about your sperm quality or reproductive health, it would be wise to consult a urologist or a fertility specialist who can provide personalized advice and conduct necessary tests.

In summary, sperm production is a complex process influenced by various factors, including time since last ejaculation, overall health, and any past infections. Regular check-ups and open communication with healthcare providers are essential for maintaining reproductive health. If you have further questions or concerns, please don’t hesitate to reach out to a medical professional.

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