Corneal Reshaping: Benefits, Costs, and Duration - Ophthalmology

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Corneal reshaping, commonly referred to as orthokeratology (Ortho-K), is a non-surgical procedure that involves the use of specially designed rigid gas permeable contact lenses to reshape the cornea temporarily. This method is primarily used to correct refractive errors such as myopia (nearsightedness) and, to a lesser extent, hyperopia (farsightedness) and astigmatism. The process is designed to flatten the cornea, thereby reducing the degree of refractive error and allowing individuals to see clearly without the need for glasses or contact lenses during the day.


Benefits of Corneal Reshaping
1. Non-Surgical Option: Unlike laser eye surgery, Ortho-K is a reversible procedure. If a patient decides to stop wearing the lenses, the cornea will gradually return to its original shape.

2. Freedom from Glasses/Contacts: Many patients experience clear vision during the day without the need for glasses or contact lenses after wearing the Ortho-K lenses overnight.

3. Slowing Myopia Progression: Studies suggest that Ortho-K can help slow the progression of myopia in children and adolescents, which is a significant benefit given the increasing prevalence of myopia worldwide.

4. Convenience: For individuals who are active in sports or outdoor activities, Ortho-K provides a convenient alternative to traditional corrective lenses.


Costs of Corneal Reshaping
The cost of Ortho-K can vary widely depending on several factors, including the practitioner’s fees, the specific lenses used, and the region where the treatment is performed. On average, the initial cost for fitting and lenses can range from $1,500 to $2,500 per eye. This cost typically includes follow-up visits and adjustments. Additionally, patients should consider the ongoing costs of lens care solutions and potential replacement lenses over time.


Duration of Treatment
Patients typically wear the Ortho-K lenses overnight, and the effects can last throughout the day. However, the duration of effectiveness can vary based on individual factors, including the degree of refractive error and the specific lens design. Most patients will need to wear the lenses consistently to maintain clear vision. If the lenses are not worn regularly, vision may gradually revert to its original state.


Mechanism of Action
Ortho-K lenses work by applying gentle pressure to the cornea while the patient sleeps. This pressure reshapes the cornea, allowing light to focus more directly on the retina, thus improving vision. The lenses are designed to be worn overnight, and the reshaping effect typically lasts for a day or two, requiring regular use to maintain the desired vision correction.


Considerations and Risks
While Ortho-K is generally considered safe, there are potential risks and side effects, including:
- Discomfort: Some patients may experience discomfort or irritation while wearing the lenses.

- Infection: As with any contact lens use, there is a risk of eye infections if proper hygiene is not maintained.

- Visual Disturbances: Some users may experience glare, halos, or fluctuating vision, especially during the initial adjustment period.


Conclusion
Corneal reshaping through orthokeratology offers a promising alternative for individuals seeking to reduce their dependence on glasses or contact lenses. It is essential for potential candidates to consult with an eye care professional to discuss their specific needs, the suitability of the procedure, and any associated risks. With proper care and adherence to the recommended wearing schedule, many patients can enjoy the benefits of improved vision without the need for corrective eyewear during the day.