Foodborne Infection Risks: What to Watch For After Eating Raw Fish

Foodborne infection issues

Today, I suspect that my meal was contaminated with the blood of raw fish, but I ate it anyway.
At first, I thought it was a sea fish, but later I found out it was a river fish (a bass from the market; I'm not sure if it's wild-caught or farmed, but the knife used to kill the fish was shared...).
Is there a risk of infection? I’m not sure how the public should monitor for signs of infection.
I found historical information suggesting that abdominal pain could warrant a visit to the doctor.
Since I usually have bloating issues, how can I distinguish if this abdominal pain is severe?

Niming, 30~39 year old female. Ask Date: 2022/08/30

Dr. Chen Shidian reply Gastroenterology and Hepatology

There should be no risk; however, if diarrhea and fever occur, medical attention should be sought.

Reply Date: 2022/08/30

More Info

When it comes to the risks associated with consuming raw fish, particularly river fish, there are several important factors to consider. The potential for foodborne infections can arise from various sources, including the type of fish, the handling and preparation methods, and individual health conditions.

Understanding the Risks:
Raw fish can harbor a variety of pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, and parasites. Common bacteria associated with fish include Vibrio species, which are often found in marine environments, and can cause gastrointestinal illness. River fish, like the bass you mentioned, can also carry parasites such as Anisakis, which can lead to Anisakiasis if ingested. The risk of infection increases significantly if the fish is not handled properly or if cross-contamination occurs, such as using the same knife for raw and cooked foods without proper sanitation.

In your case, the concern arises from the possibility of consuming fish blood and the shared use of utensils. If the fish was not properly cleaned or cooked, there is a risk of exposure to pathogens. However, the actual risk of infection depends on several factors, including the health of the fish, the hygiene practices during preparation, and your own immune status.

Self-Monitoring for Symptoms:
After consuming potentially contaminated food, it is crucial to monitor for symptoms of foodborne illness. Common symptoms include:
- Nausea and Vomiting: These can occur shortly after consumption, often within hours.

- Diarrhea: This may be watery or bloody, depending on the pathogen.

- Abdominal Pain: This can vary from mild discomfort to severe cramping. It is essential to differentiate between normal gas and more severe pain. Severe abdominal pain that is persistent or worsening could indicate a more serious issue.

- Fever: A rise in body temperature can indicate an infection.

Given your history of bloating and gas, it may be challenging to distinguish between typical digestive discomfort and symptoms of infection. Generally, if the abdominal pain is severe, persistent, or accompanied by other symptoms such as fever, diarrhea, or vomiting, it is advisable to seek medical attention.

When to Seek Medical Help:
If you experience any of the following, it is crucial to consult a healthcare professional:
- Severe abdominal pain that does not improve.

- Persistent vomiting or diarrhea lasting more than 24 hours.

- Fever over 101°F (38.3°C).

- Signs of dehydration, such as dry mouth, dizziness, or decreased urination.

In summary, while the risk of infection from consuming raw river fish exists, it is essential to monitor for symptoms and seek medical attention if you experience concerning signs. Practicing safe food handling techniques, such as using separate utensils for raw and cooked foods and ensuring proper cooking temperatures, can significantly reduce the risk of foodborne illnesses. If you have ongoing concerns about your health or specific symptoms, it is always best to consult with a healthcare provider for personalized advice and treatment.

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