Pregnancy Concerns: Symptoms and Birth Control Insights

To determine if one is pregnant, a pregnancy test can be conducted. This test typically detects the presence of human

Hello Doctor,
1.
I had intercourse with my girlfriend two weeks ago while using a condom, but I was overly concerned and took the emergency contraceptive pill, Ella (Ulipristal Acetate), five minutes later.
I experienced side effects such as abdominal pain and cramping, but my period came on schedule.
Is there still a chance of pregnancy?
2.
On the third day of my period, I noticed brown discharge with some clots.
What could this be?
3.
Today is September 22, and my girlfriend is experiencing her fertile window with clear, watery discharge and lower abdominal pain.
Could this be a sign of inflammation?

Guries, 10~19 year old female. Ask Date: 2022/09/26

Dr. Cao Guotao reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

Hello, if you have your period, it is unlikely that you are pregnant.
The date of September 22 could be related to ovulation.
Wishing you good health.

Reply Date: 2022/09/26

More Info

Dear Patient,
Thank you for your questions regarding your concerns about pregnancy, contraceptive methods, and related symptoms. Let's address each of your inquiries in detail.

1. Contraceptive Efficacy and Emergency Contraception: You mentioned that you used a condom during intercourse but took emergency contraception (Plan B) shortly after due to anxiety about potential failure. The good news is that when taken within 72 hours of unprotected intercourse, emergency contraceptive pills like Plan B are effective in preventing pregnancy. Since your menstrual cycle followed its regular schedule, it is unlikely that you are pregnant. However, it’s important to note that emergency contraception can cause temporary changes in your menstrual cycle, including earlier or later onset of menstruation, and changes in flow. If your period is significantly delayed (more than a week), it would be advisable to take a pregnancy test for peace of mind.

2. Brown Discharge During Menstruation: The brown discharge you observed on the third day of your period is typically old blood that has taken longer to exit the uterus. It is common for menstrual blood to appear brown, especially at the beginning or end of a period. If the discharge is accompanied by a foul odor, itching, or unusual discomfort, it may indicate an infection, and you should consult a healthcare provider.

3. Clear, Watery Discharge and Abdominal Pain: The clear, watery discharge you described during your girlfriend's ovulation phase is normal and indicates that she is in her fertile window. However, if she is experiencing significant abdominal pain, it could be due to ovulation pain (mittelschmerz), which is common and usually not a cause for concern. However, if the pain is severe or accompanied by other symptoms such as fever, unusual discharge, or persistent discomfort, it may indicate an infection or other medical condition, and she should seek medical attention.

Additional Insights:
- Understanding Emergency Contraceptives: Emergency contraceptives are designed to prevent ovulation or fertilization and are not intended for regular use. They are most effective when taken as soon as possible after unprotected intercourse. Side effects can include nausea, fatigue, headache, and abdominal pain, which you mentioned experiencing. These symptoms are generally temporary.

- Menstrual Cycle Variability: It’s important to remember that menstrual cycles can vary due to numerous factors, including stress, hormonal changes, and lifestyle factors. If your girlfriend experiences significant changes in her cycle or symptoms that are concerning, it may be beneficial for her to consult a healthcare provider.

- Monitoring Symptoms: If either of you experiences persistent or severe symptoms, such as unusual pain, significant changes in discharge, or any other concerning signs, it is crucial to seek medical advice. Regular check-ups and open communication with a healthcare provider can help address any underlying issues and provide reassurance.

In conclusion, while your concerns are valid, the likelihood of pregnancy seems low given the circumstances you described. However, keeping an eye on any unusual symptoms and maintaining open communication with a healthcare provider is always a good practice. If you have further questions or concerns, please do not hesitate to reach out.

Best wishes for your health and well-being.

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