Eye Allergies: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options

Eye allergy

Hello, doctor.
I am a second-year junior high school student.
Earlier this year, I experienced inflammation in both eyes due to negligence in thoroughly cleaning my orthokeratology lenses.
The ophthalmologist prescribed eye drops containing 0.2% steroids, which led to elevated intraocular pressure after the inflammation subsided, and I subsequently had to use glaucoma eye drops.
After the inflammation resolved, I developed eye allergies that I had never experienced before, resulting in persistent blinking and a foreign body sensation in my eyes.
I used a lot of artificial tears (from January to July), but there was no improvement, and I couldn't even achieve relief.
However, in July and August, my eyes suddenly showed no symptoms.
Recently, in October, I noticed a resurgence of dense blood vessels in my eyes (the right eye, which had more severe inflammation initially, is now worse), along with excessive blinking, but there is no itching at all.
A few days ago, I visited the doctor again, and the doctor prescribed Chloramphenicol and Curzolan eye drops to be used four times a day, along with betamethasone 0.2% and neomycin 0.5% ointment at bedtime.
However, just like a few months ago, there has been no improvement; the upper part of my right eye is still filled with blood vessels, and upon closer inspection, I can see several blood vessels at the junction of the black pupil and the white part of the eye.
I am concerned whether this could harm my cornea or vision, as I often notice some blurriness when looking at things, which quickly resolves, but throughout the day, I find myself blinking excessively and not wanting to open my eyes.
Is there any way to alleviate this condition? Could there be an issue with a specific part of my eye (like dry eye syndrome), or is there another underlying problem? I have researched extensively and visited many clinics and hospitals but have not found any similar cases.
I hope you can help clarify my concerns.
Thank you!

Joi, 10~19 year old female. Ask Date: 2022/11/08

Dr. Cai Wenyuan reply Ophthalmology

It is recommended to visit a medical center for an examination.

Reply Date: 2022/11/08

More Info

Understanding eye allergies, particularly in the context of your experience, involves recognizing the causes, symptoms, and treatment options available. Eye allergies, or allergic conjunctivitis, can occur when the eyes come into contact with allergens such as pollen, dust mites, pet dander, or certain medications. In your case, the history of corneal inflammation and the use of steroid eye drops may have contributed to your current symptoms.

Causes of Eye Allergies
1. Environmental Allergens: Common allergens include pollen, mold spores, pet dander, and dust mites. These can trigger an immune response, leading to inflammation and discomfort in the eyes.

2. Medication Reactions: As you mentioned, the use of steroid eye drops can sometimes lead to increased eye pressure and may alter the normal response of the eyes to allergens. This can result in a heightened sensitivity or allergic response.

3. Dry Eye Syndrome: Your symptoms suggest a possibility of dry eyes, which can exacerbate allergic reactions. When the eyes are dry, they may become more susceptible to irritation and inflammation.

Symptoms of Eye Allergies
Symptoms can vary widely but often include:
- Redness or bloodshot eyes
- Itching or a burning sensation
- Excessive tearing or a watery discharge
- A sensation of grittiness or foreign body sensation
- Blurred vision, especially if there is significant tearing or discharge
In your case, the presence of blood vessels in the sclera (the white part of the eye) and the sensation of needing to blink frequently are indicative of irritation, which could be due to allergies or dry eyes.

Treatment Options
1. Antihistamine Eye Drops: These can help reduce itching and redness. If you haven't tried them yet, they might provide relief from your symptoms.

2. Artificial Tears: If dry eyes are a contributing factor, using preservative-free artificial tears can help lubricate the eyes and reduce irritation.

3. Avoiding Allergens: Identifying and minimizing exposure to known allergens can significantly improve symptoms. This may include keeping windows closed during high pollen seasons, using air purifiers, and maintaining a clean environment to reduce dust and pet dander.

4. Cold Compresses: Applying a cold compress to the eyes can help reduce swelling and provide temporary relief from itching and redness.

5. Follow-Up with an Eye Specialist: Given your complex history and the persistence of symptoms, it may be beneficial to have a thorough examination by an ophthalmologist who specializes in allergies. They can assess for any underlying conditions, such as keratitis or conjunctivitis, and recommend appropriate treatments.

Concerns About Vision and Corneal Health
Regarding your concerns about potential damage to the cornea or vision, it is crucial to monitor any changes in your symptoms. If you experience persistent blurriness or discomfort, it is essential to seek immediate medical attention. Chronic inflammation can lead to complications, including corneal scarring or vision loss, if not properly managed.

Conclusion
Your symptoms suggest a multifactorial issue involving allergies, potential dry eye syndrome, and possibly a reaction to previous treatments. It is essential to work closely with your healthcare provider to develop a tailored treatment plan that addresses your specific needs. Regular follow-ups and open communication about your symptoms will be key to finding effective relief and ensuring your eye health is maintained.

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Recommendations: 1. Discuss the above situation further with your attending physician. 2. Alternatively, consult with another ophthalmology clinic. Thank you. Wishing you good health!