Anxiety Disorders: Symptoms, Treatments, and Concerns

Anxiety disorder

Hello Doctor: I would like to ask what symptoms (both psychological and physiological) are associated with anxiety disorders.
What are the treatment methods, how long does the treatment last, and are there any side effects? Is long-term medication harmful to the liver and kidneys? I have recently experienced palpitations, unexplained lower back pain, neck stiffness, and soreness.
I believe my mood has been generally good, but sometimes I tend to overthink things.
My sleep is unstable, and I occasionally feel discomfort for no apparent reason.
After several examinations, a neurologist mentioned that my symptoms are more indicative of an anxiety disorder.
Could you please provide me with some answers? Thank you.

A-Rong, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2003/11/05

Dr. Tang Xinbei reply Psychiatry

Dear A-Rong,
It seems that you are experiencing a lot of discomfort, but there doesn't appear to be any specific issues identified through examination.
Generally speaking, anxiety refers to a persistent and nonspecific feeling of mild to moderate fear, a sense of panic or tension without a specific situation, but rather a heightened state of alertness to environmental cues or stimuli, accompanied by a negative anticipation or worry about potential outcomes.
Many individuals describe symptoms such as nervousness or hypersensitivity, physical trembling, muscle tension, increased heart rate, excessive sweating, headaches or dizziness, gastrointestinal discomfort, insomnia (difficulty falling asleep), or racing thoughts.
In terms of treatment, it is essential to undergo an evaluation and diagnosis by a physician, preferably a psychiatrist, as some individuals may present symptoms of depression.
Short-term use of anxiolytic medications may be necessary, and it is advisable to use them consistently for a period of time.
After achieving stable improvement, medication should be gradually tapered under the guidance and recommendation of a physician.
Some individuals may require antidepressants to effectively manage their condition.
Generally, these medications are safe when used under a physician's prescription and guidance, and long-term use typically has few side effects.
In terms of psychotherapy, strategies such as stress management, problem-solving skills, muscle relaxation exercises, and breathing techniques can help address some stressors and personal vulnerabilities, contributing to symptom improvement.

I recommend that you seek consultation with a psychiatrist nearby.
Wishing you peace and joy!

Reply Date: 2003/11/05

More Info

Anxiety disorders are a group of mental health conditions characterized by excessive and persistent feelings of worry, fear, or apprehension. These disorders can manifest in various ways, both psychologically and physiologically. Understanding the symptoms, treatment options, and potential concerns associated with anxiety disorders is crucial for effective management.

Symptoms of Anxiety Disorders
Psychological Symptoms:
1. Excessive Worry: Individuals may find themselves worrying excessively about various aspects of life, even when there is no apparent reason for concern.

2. Restlessness: A feeling of being on edge or unable to relax is common.

3. Difficulty Concentrating: Anxiety can impair focus, making it hard to complete tasks or engage in conversations.

4. Irritability: Increased irritability can occur, often due to the constant state of worry.

5. Sleep Disturbances: Many individuals experience insomnia or restless sleep, leading to fatigue and decreased functioning during the day.

Physiological Symptoms:
1. Heart Palpitations: A racing heart or feeling like your heart is pounding can be distressing.

2. Muscle Tension: Chronic tension in the muscles, particularly in the neck, shoulders, and back, is common.

3. Gastrointestinal Issues: Symptoms such as nausea, diarrhea, or irritable bowel syndrome can arise.

4. Sweating: Increased sweating, especially during anxiety-provoking situations, is frequently reported.

5. Fatigue: Chronic fatigue can result from the mental and physical toll of anxiety.

Treatment Options
Treatment for anxiety disorders typically involves a combination of psychotherapy and medication:
1. Psychotherapy: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is particularly effective for anxiety disorders. It helps individuals identify and challenge negative thought patterns and develop coping strategies.

2. Medications: Antidepressants (like SSRIs and SNRIs) and anti-anxiety medications (such as benzodiazepines) are commonly prescribed. While these medications can be effective, they may have side effects, including:
- SSRIs/SNRIs: Nausea, sexual dysfunction, and insomnia.

- Benzodiazepines: Drowsiness, dizziness, and potential dependence with long-term use.

3. Lifestyle Modifications: Regular exercise, a healthy diet, mindfulness practices, and adequate sleep can significantly alleviate anxiety symptoms.

Duration of Treatment and Side Effects
The duration of treatment varies widely among individuals. Some may experience relief within a few weeks, while others may require months or even years of therapy and medication. Regular follow-ups with a healthcare provider are essential to monitor progress and adjust treatment as necessary.

Regarding side effects, while many individuals tolerate medications well, long-term use can lead to concerns about liver and kidney health, especially with certain medications. Regular blood tests may be recommended to monitor organ function, particularly if you are on long-term medication.

Conclusion
Given your symptoms of heart palpitations, back pain, neck stiffness, and sleep disturbances, it is essential to follow up with a mental health professional for a comprehensive evaluation. Anxiety can manifest in various physical symptoms, and addressing the underlying anxiety may help alleviate these discomforts.
If you are concerned about the side effects of medications or their impact on your liver and kidneys, discuss these concerns with your healthcare provider. They can provide guidance tailored to your specific health needs and may suggest alternative treatments or lifestyle changes to help manage your anxiety effectively.
Remember, seeking help is a positive step, and with the right support, you can work towards feeling better.

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